Abstract: Electrical distribution networks (9) are provided between an electrical power source (10, 42, 43, 50, 65) and electrical loads (11, 12, 13) in the form of a number of connections (A to G). Faults can occur within the electrical distribution network (9) resulting in fault electrical currents which may damage the network (9). An electrical protection arrangement comprises fault current flow detectors (A? to G?, AA, BB, AAA to DDD) in a hierarchy of levels defined by cascades of connections it is possible to utilise a controller to actively trip a circuit breaker associated with a respective fault current flow detector (A? to G?, AA, BB, AAA to DDD).

Abstract: A DC electrical current busbar associated with electrical load circuits and devices as well as sources requires protection. In order to provide such protection Kirchoff's laws are utilized such that electrical current values are substantially simultaneously taken and summed in order to identify deviations from expected differential threshold values. Upon detection of such deviations and generally as a result of a number of successive deviations an electrical isolation device is utilized in order to isolate electrical current to the busbar. The data set of electrical current values can be utilized in order to provide a back up protection system for individual electrical load devices and circuits, by similar comparison with expected values for those devices and circuits.

Abstract: A DC electrical current busbar associated with electrical load circuits and devices as well as sources requires protection. In order to provide such protection Kirchoff's laws are utilised such that electrical current values are substantially simultaneously taken and summed in order to identify deviations from expected differential threshold values. Upon detection of such deviations and generally as a result of a number of successive deviations an electrical isolation device is utilised in order to isolate electrical current to the busbar. The data set of electrical current values can be utilised in order to provide a back up protection system for individual electrical load devices and circuits, by similar comparison with expected values for those devices and circuits.