Abstract: Positive reference spiked in collected sample for use in qualitatively and quantitatively detecting viral RNA.

Abstract: A glass product includes a glass substrate and first protrusion. The first protrusion is provided on the glass substrate and is with a first atom-aggregation state. The glass substrate is with a second atom-aggregation state. The first atom-aggregation state is different from the second atom-aggregation state. The present application also proposes a method for preparing the glass product and an apparatus for preparing the glass product. The glass product is irradiated with a ultra-short pulse laser on the surface of the glass substrate, so that bonds between atoms on the surface of the glass substrate are broken, thereby changing the arrangement of the atoms, and light is diffusely reflected when irradiating the surface of the glass product.

Abstract: A method, a system, a terminal and a server for switching from a video live stream to video-on-demand data are provided. The method includes: sending, by a terminal, a video acquisition request for a target video to a server; acquiring, by the server, video data of the target video from a live stream of the target video in response to the video acquisition request, and storing the acquired video data of the target video; sending, by the terminal, a video editing request for the target video to the server; performing, by the server, non-linear editing on the video data of the target video in response to the video editing request; and storing, by the server, the edited video data as video-on-demand data of the target video.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement includes a predetermined amount of an ATP increasing herbal component which includes species of cordyceps to increase a long-term internal ATP energy; a predetermined amount of L-theanine to increase a mental energy; and a predetermined amount of external energy stimulants including caffeine to provide a short-live external energy, which may be utilized as beverages, foods, supplements, and drugs so as to provide the absolute energy for all mammals including human beings, and pets such as dogs, cats, and rodents.

Abstract: The invention relates to acutumine and compounds thereof and also to compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen or together form an additional bond, R3 represents hydrogen or alkoxy, R5 represents hydrogen or chlorine, R6 represents hydrogen or alkyl, alkylcarbonyl or aroyl, R7 and R10 each represent alkoxy, R10 represents alkoxy, R4, R8, R9, R11, R12, R13 and R14 are as defined in the description. and medicinal products containing the same which are useful in treating deficiencies of memory.

Abstract: The invention relates to sinomenine and compounds thereof and also to compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 represents alkyl, R2 represents hydrogen or alkylcarbonyl, haloalkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl, Y represents a group R3, R4, R?4, R5, R?5 and R6 are as defined in the description, and X represents halogen and medicinal products containing the same which are useful in treating mnemocognitive disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formulas ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently are hydrogen or lower alkyl, and the dotted ( . . . ) line is an optional double bond, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts. The compounds of formulas I, II and III possess marked anticholinesterase activity and are useful as analeptic agents and as agents for the treatment of senile dementia and myasthenia gravis.