Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to track aircraft or other vehicles using techniques including multilateration and elliptical surveillance. Unlike conventional approaches that use time difference of arrival for multilateration at a fixed set of reception points, this technique allows targets to be tracked from a number of dynamic or moving reception points. This allows for triangulation/multilateration and elliptical surveillance of targets from combinations of fixed, fixed and moving or only moving ground-based receivers, sea-based receivers, airborne receivers and space-based receivers. Additionally this technique allows for ADS-B validation through data derived from only two receivers to assess the validity and integrity of the aircraft self-reported position by comparing the time of arrival of the emitted message at the second receiver to the predicted time of message arrival at the second receiver based on the self-reported position of the aircraft and the time of arrival at the first receiver.

Abstract: In a first, preferred embodiment of the present invention, integrated tracking is provided using passive broadband. The invention takes the system for deployable passive broadband detection and extends it by incorporating the capability to decode position for ADS-B, SSR multilateration, and broadband multilateration. In a second embodiment, validation of a self-reported position is provided. The invention takes the system for deployable passive broadband detection and extends it by incorporating the capability to decode self-reported position for ADS-B, and compare it to line of calculated position, or line of precision, derived from multilateration techniques applied to various signals received from the aircraft. In a third embodiment, validation of a self-reported ADS-B position using independent surveillance is provided by the system.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to track aircraft or other vehicles using techniques including multilateration and elliptical surveillance. Unlike conventional approaches that use time difference of arrival for multilateration at a fixed set of reception points, this technique allows targets to be tracked from a number of dynamic or moving reception points. This allows for triangulation/multilateration and elliptical surveillance of targets from combinations of fixed, fixed and moving or only moving ground-based receivers, sea-based receivers, airborne receivers and space-based receivers. Additionally this technique allows for ADS-B validation through data derived from only two receivers to assess the validity and integrity of the aircraft self-reported position by comparing the time of arrival of the emitted message at the second receiver to the predicted time of message arrival at the second receiver based on the self-reported position of the aircraft and the time of arrival at the first receiver.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to track aircraft or other vehicles using techniques including multilateration and elliptical surveillance. Unlike conventional approaches that use time difference of arrival for multilateration at a fixed set of reception points, this technique allows targets to be tracked from a number of dynamic or moving reception points. This allows for triangulation/multilateration and elliptical surveillance of targets from combinations of fixed, fixed and moving or only moving ground-based receivers, sea-based receivers, airborne receivers and space-based receivers. Additionally this technique allows for ADS-B validation through data derived from only two receivers to assess the validity and integrity of the aircraft self-reported position by comparing the time of arrival of the emitted message at the second receiver to the predicted time of message arrival at the second receiver based on the self-reported position of the aircraft and the time of arrival at the first receiver.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for performing elliptical-based and hybrid surveillance, performing false target detection and resolution, and performing integrity monitoring using one or more receiving and transmitting elements time synchronized to a common precision time reference, and a central workstation. Antennas for transmitting and receiving elements are located at known positions separated from one another. At a given time, one of the transmitting elements transmits an interrogation signal to one or more targets, which respond to the interrogation with a reply transmission, received by one or more receiving elements.

Abstract: In a first, preferred embodiment of the present invention, integrated tracking is provided using passive broadband. The invention takes the system for deployable passive broadband detection and extends it by incorporating the capability to decode position for ADS-B, SSR multilateration, and broadband multilateration. In a second embodiment, validation of a self-reported position is provided. The invention takes the system for deployable passive broadband detection and extends it by incorporating the capability to decode self-reported position for ADS-B, and compare it to line of calculated position, or line of precision, derived from multilateration techniques applied to various signals received from the aircraft. In a third embodiment, validation of a self-reported ADS-B position using independent surveillance is provided by the system.

Abstract: The surveillance system provides a means to measure Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and decode identification of signal source transmissions. TDOA and identification information received from a minimum of two receiving means is used to supplement non-cooperative surveillance systems (e.g., primary radar, acoustic sensors) with target identification. The system uses a Line Of Position technique to determine position. The system can be implemented as a standalone multilateration surveillance system, which provides signal source position determination when reception is available from a minimum of two receiving means. The system provides position aiding when implemented to supplement non-cooperative surveillance systems.

Abstract: The surveillance system provides a means to measure Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and decode identification of signal source transmissions. TDOA and identification information received from a minimum of two receiving means is used to supplement non-cooperative surveillance systems (e.g., primary radar, acoustic sensors) with target identification. The system uses a Line Of Position technique to determine position. The system can be implemented as a standalone multilateration surveillance system, which provides signal source position determination when reception is available from a minimum of two receiving means. The system provides position aiding when implemented to supplement non-cooperative surveillance systems.

Abstract: A solvent-bearing sludge material is pumped by a variable speed positive displacement pump from a preparation mixing tank through a pressure responsive valve which distributes the material into the upper portion of an insulated distilling or processing vessel. Steam is introduced into the lower portion of the vessel and mixes with the material to volatize the solvents which are directed through a condenser and pump to a storage tank. Water and suspended solid particles are continuously pumped from the bottom of the vessel to an insulated settling tank where the solid particles settle and are continuously removed by a drag-out conveyor. The hot water in the upper portion of the settling tank is pumped back into the vessel, and may have sufficient velocity to increase agitation within the vessel, or a mechanical agitator may be installed within the bottom portion of the vessel.

Abstract: Thermoplastic blends of polyurethane polymers, chlorinated polyethylene polymer, optionally polyethylene resins and antimony trioxide, and a flame retardant selected from 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,13,13,14,14-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,6a,7,10,10a,12a-octahydro -1,4:7,10-dimethanodibenzocyclooctane, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,10,11,11-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,4b,5,8,8a,9a-octahydro-1,4 :5,8-dimethanodibenzofuran, 6-(1',4',5',6',7',7'-hexachloronorborn-5'-en-2'-yl)-1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachlo ro-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,-octahydro-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene, and 6-(1',4',5',6',7',7'-hexachloronorborn-5'-en-2'-yl)-1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachlo ro-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene, are flame resistant and also essentially retain the good physical properties of a polyurethane-chlorinated polyethylene polymer blend not containing a flame retardant.