Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from cement kiln dust and other particulate calcium sources containing CaO or Ca(OH)2 and other calcium-containing compounds having the potential to be hydrated and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining the particulate calcium source and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from −7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).

Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from cement kiln dust and other particulate calcium sources containing CaO or Ca(OH)2 and other calcium-containing compounds having the potential to be hydrated and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining the particulate calcium source and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from −7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).

Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).

Abstract: A debris collection vehicle (1) having an offset cab (12) adjacent to a conveyor belt (61) which transports collected debris to a hopper (59). Rows of resilient fingers (51) are mounted on a collector drum (36), the conveyor (61) and on curb brushes (22, 24). The orientation of the collector (36) may be varied with respect to the lower drum (57) supporting the conveyor belt (61) in order to permit the reliable entrainment of various sized and shaped objects without fouling. The collector drum (36) is biased by a spring (192) to facilitate clearance of obstacles or oversized debris. A front deflection bar (229) is mounted adjacent to the collector drum (36) to direct debris toward the lower support (56) of the conveyor belt (61). A rear deflection bar (239) is mounted adjacent to the lower conveyor support (56) to direct debris toward the upper surface of the conveyor belt (61).

Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).

Abstract: The invention provides a method and system for continuously recovering carbon black from a plurality of composites where each one of the composites comprises carbon black and polymers. The basic method of the invention comprises a heating step which is conducted in a reactor. In the method, it is necessary to prepare a series of mixtures of the composites, with each one of the series comprising a distribution of carbon black properties substantially similar to the other mixtures of the series. The composites may be fragmentized or comminuted into smaller pieces more suitable for pyrolysis and decomposition reactions in the reactor. In the reactor, the fragmentized mixtures are heated to a temperature sufficient to crack the polymers and to form a vaporizable constituent. The vaporizable constituents are removed from the reactor at first and second outlet ends whereby the amount of time the vaporized constituents are in the reactor is reduced.

Abstract: A mixing and conditioning machine for turning dust and very fine particles into pellets comprising an elongated, generally horizontal trough formed of flexible rubber-like material having a downwardly concave arcuate bottom wall and vertical side walls. A rotor assembly comprises an elongated, generally horizontal shaft extending lengthwise within a trough with paddles distributed along the length of the shaft. The shaft is rotated to cause the paddles to mix and pelletize material introduced into the trough at the inlet end and move the material to the outlet end for discharge. The side walls of the trough are attached to the machine frame at points located a substantial distance above the bottom wall so that the trough is suspended from the points of attachment and enabled to flex as the shaft rotates, preventing build-up of material in the trough.

Abstract: A compacted agglomerate in the form of a pillow-shaped briquette. It contains finely pulverized paper and a fertilizer in the form of a granular powder or liquid. The pulverized paper may be paper dust. A dye may also be added to provide a more colorful product.

Abstract: The invented pellet reclamation process includes forming green pellets of a mixture of steel furnace dust, a carbonaceous material such as coal, charcoal, lignite, petroleum coke, or coke, and an organic binder. The green pellets are fed over a layer of burnt pellets on a rotary hearth furnace which successively conveys the pellets first through a drying and coking zone in which the pellets are dried and any volatile matter driven out of the carbonaceous material. The pellets then travel through a reduction zone where the pellets are subjected to a higher temperature at which the contained iron oxide is reduced and remains within the pellets and the zinc, lead and cadmium oxides are reduced, volatilized, re-oxidized and carried off as oxides in the waste gases. The reduced pellets (DRI) are ultimately carried into a discharge zone where they are discharged from the rotary hearth furnace. An apparatus for performing the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing spherical pellets from stack gas desulfurization residue filter cake. The process includes mixing dry fly ash with a filter cake in a mixer and discharging the blend onto a shallow pan disc pelletizer where pellets are produced. Additional fly ash produces pellets in a reroll ring. Instead of fly ash, cement kiln dust, portland cement, lime kiln dust or lime is utilized.

Abstract: A process for producing spherical pellets from wet coal silt or also known as filter cake. The process involves mixing dry ash with the filter cake in a mixer. The blend thereof is discharged into a shallow pan disc pelletizer to produce pellets which are then coated in a reroll ring surrounding the disc pelletizer with more fly ash.

Abstract: Apparatus for uniformly wetting and discharging ash. It is enclosed in a dust hood. It comprises an open top pan disposed at an angle of about 55.degree. degrees with respect to a floor, rotated at slow speed. An ash charge chute discharges ash into the pan. Fixed scraper means extend at right angles to the pan to scrape the bottom of the pan while water is sprayed onto the surface of the discharged ash so that the rotated ash is tumbled back to the bottom of the pan to effect uniform wetting of the tumbled particles as they are discharged downwardly from the top of the side of the pan.

Abstract: In apparatus for spraying water on granular material in a rotating cylindrical pan and for compressing the mixture into pellets. A moisture sensor on said pan provide a signal to a programmable computer controller for providing a constant moisture content on the surface of the pellets. In one embodiment, a liquid nozzle is controlled by a control valve such as to maintain the constant moisture content. In another embodiment, a high intensity mixture is provided for mixing dry powder in varying amount with high moisture material to produce pellets having substantially constant surface moisture when discharged from the pelletizing disc.

Abstract: An agglomeration device having a rigid cylindrical casing in which a shaft rotates having outer end portions of reduced diameter. The larger diameter portion of the shaft has relatively small rotating rings at the ends thereof which rotate in notched out cavities of plastic rings which are stationarily fixed to end plates of the agglomeration device. Triple labyrinth seals surround end portions of reduced diameter of the rotating shaft.

Abstract: A briquetter for low density materials having a hopper, an auger in the bottom portion of the hopper extending outwardly of the hopper with its leading end feeding material conveyed by the auger and a pair of rolls receiving the feed material having briquette forming pockets extending along the roll circumferences, arranged to form complementary pockets for shaping the briquettes transversely of the rolls. A pair of confronting, threaded auxiliary ribbon flights in the hopper are provided immediately above the auger for pre-compressing material as it enters the auger. The auxiliary ribbon flights are tapered in diameter and have threads that become progressively smaller and are in opposite directions so as to concentrate pressure on material entering the auger. The leading end of the auger is smaller in diameter than the threads of the auger and is pointed to concentrate pressure on materials introduced between the pair of rolls.

Abstract: A method for forming strong and durable pellets from dust collected from stack gases. The dust includes CaSO.sub.3, CaSO.sub.4 and unreacted CaD. A portion of water required for total hydration with the dust is blended in a mixer. The moistened powder is stored in a conditioning container wherein the moistened powder is chemically reacted and heated to form a hydroxide with the oxides in the powder. Water is added to the hydrates and the wetted hydrates are subjected to an intense second mixing. The wetted hydrates are then pelletized in a pelletizer.

Abstract: An agglomeration device having a driven shaft and a plurality of pins extending radially outwardly thereof of such length as to sweep closely to the inner surface of the casing of the device. The improvement therein is a layer of high density plastic material attached to the inner surface of the casing and the provision of a ceramic sleeve in the end portion of the pins of extremely hard material such as tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, alumina or boron carbide.

Abstract: A disc pelletizer wherein the inner sides and an adjacent annular portion of the bottom of the pan are covered with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene or the like. The uncovered bottom portion of the pan is cleaned by vertical rods having tungsten carbide tipped bottoms, which rods are carried by an arm which is rotatable about a circular path corresponding to a radius of the bottom of the pan, so that as the pan slowly rotates, sucessive circular paths are described by the tungsten carbide tipped bottoms to effectively clean the bottom of the pan with minimum expenditure of electrical energy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing pre metallic oxides by dissolving the metal or oxide in heated dilute hydrochloric acid to form metallic chloride in a water solution (which solution may instead, be a waste product from a steel strip pickling line), reacting said solution in a reactor in the presence of heated oxygen to form metal oxide, part of which oxide being carried over in vapor form to a variable throat venturi where it is redissolved and reintroduced into the reactor to insure that only low chloride oxide will be discharged as a product. The system operates under negative pressure to prevent leakage tendency of HCl to the outside atmosphere.

Abstract: A preheater for uniformly heating the refractory lining of a ladle, ingot mold or the like. A concave, refractory lined cover is provided with one or more flues for exhausting noxious fumes and products of combustion. There is also provided an axially extending burner for projecting a flame onto the walls of the ladle refractory lining. Fluid operated means are provided for vertically tilting the boom which pivotally supports the ladle cover to enable the cover to be laid, with a tight fit, on the mouth portion of the ladle, - also to enable lifting of the cover and lateral swinging thereof from the closed position. A modification, particularly suitable for large ladles, is to provide a plurality of burners which emit flames substantially tangentially inwardly of the cover to uniformly heat the ladle lining.