Abstract: The invention is a fuel cell with an electrolyte dry-out barrier to restrict loss of water from the electrolyte. The fuel cell includes: an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst secured to opposed sides of an electrolyte; an anode flow field disposed adjacent the anode catalyst for directing the reducing fluid to pass adjacent the anode catalyst, and a cathode flow field disposed adjacent the cathode catalyst for directing the process oxidant stream to pass adjacent the cathode catalyst; and, an anode electrolyte dry-out barrier secured between the electrolyte and the anode flow field for restricting transfer of water from the electrolyte into the anode flow field. The anode electrolyte dry-out barrier extends from adjacent an entire reducing fluid inlet and along an entire reducing fluid flow path a distance that is adequate for the reducing fluid stream flowing through the anode flow field to become saturated with water.

Abstract: The invention is a fuel cell with an electrolyte dry-out barrier to restrict loss of water from the electrolyte. The fuel cell includes: an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst secured to opposed sides of an electrolyte; an anode flow field disposed adjacent the anode catalyst for directing the reducing fluid to pass adjacent the anode catalyst, and a cathode flow field disposed adjacent the cathode catalyst for directing the process oxidant stream to pass adjacent the cathode catalyst; and, an anode electrolyte dry-out barrier secured between the electrolyte and the anode flow field for restricting transfer of water from the electrolyte into the anode flow field. The anode electrolyte dry-out barrier extends from adjacent an entire reducing fluid inlet and along an entire reducing fluid flow path a distance that is adequate for the reducing fluid stream flowing through the anode flow field to become saturated with water.

Abstract: The invention is a water retention system for a fuel cell power plant having at least one fuel cell and a coolant loop with a coolant reservoir and coolant passages for directing a coolant fluid through the fuel cell. An air conditioning unit is provided for directing a refrigerant to a first heat exchanger that cools secondary process air and for directing water condensed from the secondary process air to the coolant reservoir. The air conditioning unit also directs the refrigerant to a second heat exchanger that cools the coolant fluid within the coolant loop, and to a third heat exchanger that cools a plant exhaust stream exiting the plant. Water condensed from the plant exhaust is also directed from the third heat exchanger into the coolant reservoir.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving water management in a PEM fuel cell power supply are disclosed. The fuel cell power supply includes a combustion unit that combusts anode exhaust, producing combusted exhaust that includes water. The combusted exhaust is recycled to the anode input and/or the cathode input. The recycling system can include additional devices, for example, a CO removal device for removing CO from the combusted exhaust prior to recycling to the anode. A fuel processor can be thermally coupled to the combustion unit that combusts the anode exhaust. One advantage of the invention is that the condenser typically employed for recovering water from combusted exhaust can be eliminated, of reduced capacity or operated less frequently, thereby reducing the cost and/or the complexity of the fuel cell power supply.