Abstract: A low temperature molten ionic liquid composition comprising a mixture of a metal halide and an alkyl-containing amine hydrohalide salt can be used in linear alkylbenzene formation. The metal halide is a covalently bonded metal halide which can contain a metal selected from the group comprised of aluminum, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, and indium, and is most preferably aluminum trichloride. The alkyl-containing amine hydrohalide salt may contain up to three alkyl groups, which are preferably lower alkyl, such as methyl and ethyl.

Abstract: Styrene phosphonic acid (SPA) can be formed the reaction of phosphorous acid with acetophenone, preferably in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, to form a hydroxy adduct intermediate thereof which is then reacted with acetic anhydride to form the acyl derivative of the hydroxy adduct, followed by removal of an acetic acid moiety therefrom, preferably in the presence of an acidic catalyst, to form the styrene phosphonic acid product.

Abstract: Metal ions can be removed from aqueous by being brought into contact with a heavy metal removal system which comprises an expanded organophilic clay (such as montmorillonite), a fatty alkyl-containing quaternary ammonium compound (such as a chloride comprising a fatty alkyl group containing from about twelve to about twenty-two carbon atoms), and a fatty alkyl-containing mercaptan (comprising a fatty alkyl group containing from about twelve to about twenty-two carbon atoms).

Abstract: Solubilized metal (dialkylaminoalcoholate) compounds in organic solvent can serve as a source of metal values for metal oxide-containing superconductor compositions. Stable solutions, resistant to precipitation problems, can be formed by reaction of a dialkylaminoalkanol with a metal alkoxide followed by removal of by-product alkanol by vacuum distillation below the reflux temperature of the solution. Exemplary metals include copper, yttrium, barium, calcium, and bismuth, lanthanum and strontium.

Abstract: Solubilized metal (dialkylaminoalcoholate) compounds in organic solvent can serve as a source of metal values for metal oxide-containing superconductor compositions. Stable solutions, resistant to precipitation problems, can be formed by reaction of a dialkylaminoalkanol with a metal alkoxide followed by removal of by-product alkanol by vacuum distillation below the reflux temperature of the solution. Exemplary metals include copper, yttrium, barium, calcium, and bismuth, lanthanum and strontium.

Abstract: Carbides of Group VIB metals, such as tungsten and molybdenum, can be formed by the pyrolysis of a salicylate of such metal. The salicylate can be formed by reaction of a Group VIB metal halide with salicylic acid.

Abstract: Metal carbides can be formed by the pyrolysis of a composition comprising metal and carboxylic acid residues bonded therein, the composition being substantially free of extraneous carbon and also having metal moieties that are not in the substituent position. Dicarboxylic acids, for example, can be reacted with either metal alkoxides or metal halides to form an oligomer or polymer which can be calcined to the metal carbide. Alternatively, a metal alkoxide can be reacted with a monocarboxylic acid to form a metal alkoxide carboxylate which can be heated to the metal carbide. Finally, a metal carboxylate can be heated to form the desired metal carbide.

Abstract: More storage stable solutions comprising an organic solvent containing a soluble copper amino alkoxide are disclosed. The compound is of the formula ##STR1## where and R is lower alkyl such as methyl or ethyl.

Abstract: Novel precursors for forming spinel upon oxidation or evaporation from solution can be formed by reaction of an alkylaluminum alkoxide with a magnesium alkoxide to yield an organoaluminum-magnesium alkoxide coordination compound or complex having a molar ratio of aluminum to magnesium of substantially 2:1.

Abstract: The reaction of rare earth metals and alcohols, to form rare earth alkoxides, is catalyzed by the use of a zinc-containing catalyst, e.g., zinc and/or zinc chloride.

Abstract: The reaction of rare earth metals and alcohols, to form rare earth alkoxides, is catalyzed by the use of an inorganic, halide-free mercury salt (e.g., mercury nitrate or mercury sulfate).

Abstract: Tin tetra-alkoxides absent halogenic impurities are prepared by a two-step process comprising a first step reaction of tin tetrahalide with an alcohol and ammonia. A second step reacts the product of the first step with a metal amide and additional alcohol. An alternative second step reacts the product of the first step with a metal alkoxide.

Abstract: A number of processes for the formation of insoluble metal alkoxides are disclosed. In one embodiment, there is disclosed a two step process wherein a halide of an at least divalent metal is reacted with an appropriate alcohol in the first step. In the second step, the intermediate compound formed is then reacted with more alcohol, said alcohol forming part of a solvent system in which the final metal alkoxide formed is insoluble. In another embodiment, a two step process is disclosed wherein the intermediate formed in the first step is isolated, and then in the second step the intermediate is reacted with an appropriate alcohol to yield the final product. The final embodiment of the present invention comprises a one step process for the production of insoluble metal alkoxides wherein a halide of an at least divalent metal is reacted with an appropriate alcohol in the presence of an excess amount of a hydrogen halide acceptor in a solvent in which the hydrogen halide compound formed is soluble.

Abstract: This invention relates to pretreating the support material for a polymerization catalyst comprising magnesium chloride with an active hydrogen compound such as an organic acid phosphate or a phenol in order to transform substantially elemental magnesium and other impurities. The impure magnesium chloride originates as a by-product from the manufacture of magnesium alkyls by the reaction of alkyl chlorides with elemental magnesium. Succeeding steps are activating the support material with an electron donor and treating the activated product with a titanium halide. The invention also includes the novel catalytic component containing titanium halide, itself, the process for making that component, use of this catalytic system for polymerizing olefins such as propylene, and the purification step for magnesium chloride, itself.

Abstract: There are disclosed improved methods for preparing metal alkoxides from metals and alcohols. The methods involve dry-grinding the metal in an inert atmosphere prior to the addition of the alcohol. When an activator is used, it is usually ballmilled with the metal. Higher yields are obtained, particularly when the metal and alcohol are not very reactive absent an activator. Typical metals are those from Groups 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B, particularly aluminum, magnesium, and yttrium. Typical alcohols are those which contain up to 16 carbon atoms, particularly those containing 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for reducing the solidification tendency of a normally solid lower aluminum alkoxide having 2 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkoxide radical. One embodiment comprises the steps of adding the aluminum alkoxide and a specific phosphorus compound to a common solvent, and forming a solution; and then extracting the common solvent to form a stabilized liquid. The phosphorus compound has an unblended structural formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y and Z are selected from (a) alkoxy groups containing from one to 12 carbon atoms; (b) alkyl groups containing from one to 14 carbon atoms; (c) aryloxy groups containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms; (d) alkyl-substituted aryloxy groups wherein an alkyl group containing from one to 14 carbon atoms is substituted for a hydrogen atom; (e) alkyl-substituted aryloxy groups containing from 7 to 26 carbon atoms; and (f) aryl-substituted alkyl groups containing from 7 to 26 carbon atoms. Preferred processing conditions and products thereby obtained are also disclosed.

Abstract: Vanadium dialkyl phosphorodithioate compounds are formed by the reaction of dialkyl phosphorodithioate acid with a vanadium halide in the presence of a substance capable of removing by-product hydrogen halide from the reaction medium.

Abstract: This invention relates to pretreating the support material for a polymerization catalyst comprising magnesium chloride with an active hydrogen compound such as an organic acid phosphate or a phenol in order to transform substantially elemental magnesium and other impurities. The impure magnesium chloride originates as a by-product from the manufacture of magnesium alkyls by the reaction of alkyl chlorides with elemental magnesium. Succeeding steps are activating the support material with an electron donor and treating the activated product with a titanium halide.The invention also includes the novel catalytic component containing titanium halide, itself, the process for making that component, use of this catalytic system for polymerizing olefins such as propylene, and the purification step for magnesium chloride, itself.

Abstract: The invention is a method of treating the distillation residue from the production of phosphorochloridothionates which comprises draining the residue into agitated cold water to form a slurry and contacting the slurry with chlorine gas in a hydrolyzing zone to decompose the residue and produce decomposition gases in controllable amounts having a decreased sulfur content.The novel method would reduce the amount of sulfur in the decomposition gas and make possible the use of less costly abatement facilities.

Abstract: A process for preparing an effective support for the titanium halide component of a coordinate complex catalyst for the polymerization of alpha-olefins comprises the steps of:(a) intimately contacting a magnesium or manganese chloride or bromide with a drying agent at an elevated temperature,(b) milling the magnesium or manganese chloride or bromide so as to activate its surface; and(c) repeat contacting step (a) and milling step (b) for two or more cycles, whereby the effective support is produced.