Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II) and stereoisomers, tautomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of treating a disease, disorder, or condition by using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A distributed network for producing consensus, featuring methods comprising: playing, by an Exchange Player, a set of individual speaker videos created by an Exchange Recorder, wherein the set of individual speaker videos comprise an Exchange between a plurality of speakers; displaying, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, replies to the current speaker video as a vertical list of thumbnails overlaying a side of the Exchange Player user interface; and providing, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, the ability for users to rate speaker videos to indicate their level of agreement with the speakers, and for their ratings to be used to measure audience consensus with speaker videos at various levels, including post, thread, and conversation.

Abstract: A distributed network for producing consensus, featuring methods comprising: playing, by an Exchange Player, a set of individual speaker videos created by an Exchange Recorder, wherein the set of individual speaker videos comprise an Exchange between a plurality of speakers; displaying, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, replies to the current speaker video as a vertical list of thumbnails overlaying a side of the Exchange Player user interface; and providing, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, the ability for users to rate speaker videos to indicate their level of agreement with the speakers, and for their ratings to be used to measure audience consensus with speaker videos at various levels, including post, thread, and conversation.

Abstract: A distributed network for producing consensus, featuring methods comprising: playing, by an Exchange Player, a set of individual speaker videos created by an Exchange Recorder, wherein the set of individual speaker videos comprise an Exchange between a plurality of speakers; displaying, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, replies to the current speaker video as a vertical list of thumbnails overlaying a side of the Exchange Player user interface; and providing, by a user interface of the Exchange Player, the ability for users to rate speaker videos to indicate their level of agreement with the speakers, and for their ratings to be used to measure audience consensus with speaker videos at various levels, including post, thread, and conversation.

Abstract: A conversational user interface (CUI) is implemented in a computer by mimicking the organization and retrieval of linguistic memories of human conversation. To mimic the organization of linguistic memories in a human brain, the artificial memories are stored as sequences of patterns, are stored in invariant form, are organized hierarchically, and are recalled auto-associatively. To mimic the recall of linguistic memories in a human brain, the same algorithm performs the recall of the various memories. Each artificial memory is a pairing of the invariant representation and an associated responsive message. When a received utterance is determined to match the invariant representation of a memory, the memory is evoked and the associated responsive message is presented to the person.