Abstract: Methods of preparing papillomavirus nucleic acid transfer vectors, in-disassembled cluding by disassembly/reassembly of papillomavirus L1 and L2 virus-like particles, in a defined, cell-free high-efficiency production protocol. These methods may be used to efficiently encapsidate desired moieties, e.g., toxic or therapeutic nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, and the resultant pseudovirus particles may be used as in vivo delivery vehicles.