Abstract: A CADx system for analysing medical images to monitor at least one feature on the image to predict at least one of a change of the state or maintenance of the current state of a monitored feature within a time frame is described. The system comprising: an input circuit for receiving at least one medical input image; a feature state change circuit for analysing the received input image and predicting a state change comprising: a state change predictor to predict a state change of the monitored feature within the time frame; and an output circuit to output an indication of the change of state or maintenance of the current state of the monitored feature within the time frame based on the prediction of the feature state change predictor. A method of training a feature state change prediction circuit using Machine Learning is also described.

Abstract: A CADx system for analysing medical images and determining if the images are acceptable for analysis, by determining if the images contain out-of-distribution input data is described. The CADx system comprises: an input circuit for receiving at least one medical image; a gatekeeper circuit for determining if the at least one received medical image contains out-of-distribution input data and so does not meet the requirements of the CADx system for acceptable images; and an output circuit to produce an output that is either a determination that the at least one received medical image contains out-of-distribution data and is not suitable for analysis by the CADx system, or a determination that the medical image is acceptable.

Abstract: A method for providing a lung disease risk measure in a Computer Aided Diagnosis system is described. The method comprising the steps of: receiving a plurality of inputs for a subject, each input comprising at least one image showing all or part of the lungs of a patient and a time stamp for the image, where the inputs are obtained at varying intervals; analysing the inputs to assess temporal changes in the images using at least one of an input data encoder and a time stamp encoder; inputting the output of at least one of the encoders to a score calculator to calculate a risk score; outputting the risk score indicating the lung disease risk for the subject. A Computer Aided diagnosis system for implementing the method is also described.

Abstract: A method for providing a lung disease risk measure in a Computer Aided Diagnosis system is described. The method comprises the steps of: receiving an input comprising at least one input image showing all or part of the lungs of a patient; analysing the input to identify a feature descriptor comprised of at least one feature group, where each feature group comprises at least one feature computed from the input image; calculating a score explanation factor for each feature group, and an overall disease risk score for the patient's risk of lung disease from the feature descriptor; outputting the overall disease score risk score and a corresponding score explanation factor for each feature group. A computer aided diagnosis system is also described, along with a method for training a computer aided diagnosis system.