Abstract: An asphalt composition has a modified asphalt binder. The modified asphalt binder includes an initial binder, an elemental sulfur, a recycled plastic, and a crumb rubber, the crumb rubber including a recycled material. The recycled plastic and the crumb rubber together define a binder modifier. The binder modifier and the initial binder together define an intermediate binder. The elemental sulfur is in an amount of 30 to 50 weight percent, by weight of the modified asphalt binder. The crumb rubber is in an amount of 10 to 20 weight percent, by weight of the intermediate binder.

Abstract: An asphalt composition has a modified asphalt binder. The modified asphalt binder includes an initial binder, an elemental sulfur, a recycled plastic, and a crumb rubber, the crumb rubber including a recycled material. The recycled plastic and the crumb rubber together define a binder modifier. The binder modifier and the initial binder together define an intermediate binder. The elemental sulfur is in an amount of 30 to 50 weight percent, by weight of the modified asphalt binder. The crumb rubber is in an amount of 10 to 20 weight percent, by weight of the intermediate binder.

Abstract: Systems and methods for condition assessment of a formed material include a testing tube in contact with the formed material. An access tube is in contact with the formed material and with a testing end open to the testing tube. A tube cap is located at a cap end of the access tube. The cap end is opposite the testing end of the access tube. The access tube has an internal bore sized to provide passage for a testing tool.

Abstract: A controlled low strength material has constituents that include a cement, an aggregate, and a water. The aggregate includes concrete demolition waste. The controlled low strength material has a compressive strength that does not exceed 8.3 MPa, measured at 28 days. The controlled low strength material can alternately include a heavy oil fuel ash and the controlled low strength material can have a compressive strength that does not exceed 2.10 MPa, measured at 28 days.

Abstract: An asphalt composition has a modified asphalt binder. The modified asphalt binder includes an initial binder, an elemental sulfur, a recycled plastic, and a crumb rubber, the crumb rubber including a recycled material. The recycled plastic and the crumb rubber together define a binder modifier. The binder modifier and the initial binder together define an intermediate binder. The elemental sulfur is in an amount of 30 to 50 weight percent, by weight of the modified asphalt binder. The crumb rubber is in an amount of 10 to 20 weight percent, by weight of the intermediate binder.

Abstract: A controlled low strength material has constituents that include a cement, an aggregate, a heavy oil fly ash, and a water. The controlled low strength material has a compressive strength in a range of 300 kPa to 2.1 MPa. In certain embodiments, the heavy oil fly ash can be part of a heavy oil fly ash slurry.

Abstract: A well pad construction system includes a construction area, surface compaction equipment to compact the construction area, an excavator disposed at the construction area and movable to generate an excavated area, a cellar disposed in the excavated area, controlled low-strength material (CLSM), and backfill equipment disposed around the excavated area. The backfill equipment is moveable over the construction area to pour CLSM into a gap between the cellar and surrounding medium in the excavated area for holding the cellar in place and providing a firm well pad from which a rig may operate.

Abstract: A well pad construction system includes a construction area, surface compaction equipment to compact the construction area, an excavator disposed at the construction area and movable to generate an excavated area, a cellar disposed in the excavated area, controlled low-strength material (CLSM), and backfill equipment disposed around the excavated area. The backfill equipment is moveable over the construction area to pour CLSM into a gap between the cellar and surrounding medium in the excavated area for holding the cellar in place and providing a firm well pad from which a rig may operate.

Abstract: A controlled low strength material has constituents that include a cement, an aggregate, a heavy oil fly ash, and a water. The controlled low strength material has a compressive strength in a range of 300 kPa to 2.1 MPa. In certain embodiments, the heavy oil fly ash can be part of a heavy oil fly ash slurry.