Abstract: A nail lacquer for the treatment or prevention of fungal infections, such as, onychomycosis, includes fungicidally effective amount of ciclopirox, econazole, or other antifungal agent in a compatible film-forming lacquer vehicle which includes a water-insoluble film-forming polymer; pentadecalactone, or similar cyclic lactone compound or derivative thereof, and volatile solvent. The pentadecalactone functions as a plasticizer for the film-forming polymer and as a penetration enhancer for the antifungal agent. The composition, when applied to the nails provides a hard, clear, water-resistant film containing the antifungal agent. The compositions are used for the treatment of onychomycosis.

Abstract: Topical alcoholic or aqueous alcoholic gels containing ibuprofen or other NSAIDs, such as, naproxen, in substantially neutral salt form, have enhanced penetration through skin and may provide rapid pain/inflammation relief by including in the formulation 2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane or other hydrocarbyl derivative of 1,3-dioxolane-or 1,3-dioxane or acetal, as skin penetration enhancing compound. The amount of propylene glycol may be varied to adjust the initial flux of the NSAID through the skin, especially for ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketorolac.

Abstract: A nail lacquer for the treatment or prevention of fungal infections, such as, onychomycosis, includes fungicidally effective amount of ciclopirox, econazole, or other antifungal agent in a compatible film-forming lacquer vehicle which includes a water-insoluble film-forming polymer; pentadecalactone, or similar cyclic lactone compound or derivative thereof, and volatile solvent. The pentadecalactone functions as a plasticizer for the film-forming polymer and as a penetration enhancer for the antifungal agent. The composition, when applied to the nails provides a hard, clear, water-resistant film containing the antifungal agent. The compositions are used for the treatment of onychomycosis.

Abstract: A nail lacquer effective for the treatment or prevention of fungal infections, such as, onychomycosis, includes fungicidally effective amount of ciclopirox, econazole, or other antifungal agent in a clear, stable, film-forming lacquer vehicle which includes a water-insoluble film-forming polymer; 2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane or similar penetration enhancer; and volatile solvent. A plasticizer for the film-forming polymer which is also compatible with the other components may be included although the preferred penetration enhancers may also function as plasticizer. The composition, when applied to the nails provides a hard, clear, water-resistant film containing the antifungal agent. The film is resistant to multiple washings and is effective in the treatment of onychomycosis.

Abstract: Topical alcoholic or aqueous alcoholic gels containing ibuprofen or other NSAIDs, such as, naproxen, in substantially neutral salt form, have enhanced penetration through skin and may provide rapid pain/inflammation relief by including in the formulation 2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane or other hydrocarbyl derivative of 1,3-dioxolane or 1,3-dioxane or acetal, as skin penetration enhancing compound. The amount of propylene glycol may be varied to adjust the initial flux of the NSAID through the skin, especially for ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketorolac.

Abstract: Topical alcoholic or aqueous alcoholic gels containing testosterone, progesterone, estradiol or other hormones have enhanced penetration through skin by including in the formulation 2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane or other hydrocarbyl derivative of 1,3-dioxolane or 1,3-dioxane or acetal, as skin penetration enhancing compound.

Abstract: A composition for the topical transdermal administration to the penis is based on prostaglandin E.sub.1. The composition is non-irritating and effective for relieving erectile impotence or other penile erectile dysfunction. A penetration enhancing effective amount of a dioxolane, dioxane, or acetal skin penetration enhancing compound in a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous alcoholic carrier is used to facilitate the penetration of the prostaglandin E.sub.1 active ingredient through the skin. Phentolamine or prazosin may be used in combination with prostaglandin E.sub.1.

Abstract: A mixture of lipophilic and amphiphilic/hydrophilic film-forming polymers of the formula (I)R--(CO).sub.m Y.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1 O).sub.n --?CONH--Z--NHCO(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2).sub.n' --Y.sup.2 --(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.n" !.sub.p --CONH--Z--NHCO--(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n --Y.sup.1 (CO).sub.m R (I)where R represents (i) an alkyl, alkenyl or alkaryl group of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms or (ii) a polypropylene oxide group or polybutylene oxide group; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, each, independently, represent a hydrogen atom, or a methyl or ethyl group; Z represents a divalent linking hydrocarbyl group; m is 0 or 1; when m=0, Y.sup.1 represents O, NR.sup.3 or N.sup.+ R.sup.3 R.sup.4 X.sup.- and when m=1 Y.sup.1 represents O; Y.sup.2 represents O, NR.sup.3, N.sup.+ R.sup.3 R.sup.4 X.sup.-, (R.sup.3 NCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.t, or ?(R.sup.3 R.sup.4 N.sup.+ CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2)X.sup.- !.sub.t ; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, independently, represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A mixture of lipophilic and amphiphilic/hydrophilic film-forming polymers of the formula (I)R--(CO).sub.m Y.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1 O).sub.n --?CONH--Z--NHCO(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2).sub.n' --Y.sup.2 --(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.n" !.sub.p --CONH--Z--NHCO--(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n --Y.sup.1 (CO).sub.m R (I)where R represents (i) an alkyl, alkenyl or alkaryl group of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms or (ii) a polypropylene oxide group or polybutylene oxide group; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, each, independently, represent a hydrogen atom, or a methyl or ethyl group; Z represents a divalent linking hydrocarbyl group; m is 0 or 1; when m=0, Y.sup.1 represents O, NR.sup.3 or N.sup.+ R.sup.3 R.sup.4 X.sup.- and when m=1 Y.sup.1 represents O; Y.sup.2 represents O, NR.sup.3, N.sup.+ R.sup.3 R.sup.4 X.sup.-, (R.sup.3 NCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.t, or ?(R.sup.3 R.sup.4 N.sup.+ CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2)X.sup.- !.sub.t ; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, independently, represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The combination of minoxidil and 2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane is effective in promoting hair growth when applied once daily.

Abstract: New and improved method for the transdermal administration of agents is provided utilizing iontophoresis in conjunction with a water-insoluble, stratum corneum-lipid modifier. The lipid modifier may be used prior to iontophoresis or simultaneously therewith. The lipid modifier may be selected from a wide variety of moieties of the general formula R--X where R is a C.sub.5 to C.sub.28 alkyl or unsaturated alkyl and X is a member of the following: 1,3-dioxane; 1,3-dioxolane; lactam; morpholine; --COOH; --OH; --COOR'; --C--N(R').sub.2 ; cyclo ethylene and propylene carbonates; --CONH.sub.2 ; --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O).sub.n H; ##STR1## acetals, and hemiacetals; and wherein R' is lower alkyl (e.g., C.sub.1 to C.sub.3) and n is an integer of from 1 to 20. Optionally there may be present a polar, water-soluble chemical compound from the group of alcohols, glycols, lactams, dioxolanes, esters, ureas, morpholine and the like. Compositions and articles useful in the processes of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: Malignancy-induced hypercalcemia is treated with thionapthene-2-carboxylic acid (TNCA) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The treatment is also effective in tumor bearing hosts even before there is significant abnormal serum calcium levels. There is no "escape" from the hypocalcemic effects of these compounds as with e.g., calcitonin. The useful dosage in humans for TNCA itself ranges from about 1 to about 60 mg/kg/day preferably from about 2 to about 30 mg/kg/day and more preferably from about 5 to about 20 mg/kg/day (20 mg is approximately 0.106 mmol) Orally administered TNCA or salts thereof, is a much desired and obviously clinically advantageous mode of administering compounds to control or ameliorate hypercalcemia.

Abstract: Lysine and arginine salts of thionaphthene-2-carboxylic acid (TNCA) are disclosed. These compounds are useful as treatments for osteoporosis and exhibit an increased water solubility.

Abstract: Novel 1,3-dioxolanes (1,3-dioxyacyclopentanes) are provided along with new 1,3-dioxolanes (1,3-dioxacyclopentanes) compositions which are useful in enhancing the absorption of therapeutic agents through the skin of humans and animals. The method for enhancing skin penetration of therapeutic agents using 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes is also described.The preferred compounds are 1,3-dioxolanes (1,3-dioxacyclopentanes) and 1,3-dioxanes (1,3-dioxacyclohexanes). The preferred compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.0, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 aliphatic groups, preferably alkyl, alkenyl, and the halo, hydroxy, carboxy, carboxamide and carboalkoxy substituted forms thereof, with at least one of said R's an alkyl or alkenyl group of C.sub.4 to C.sub.

Abstract: Various derivatives of barbituric acid and of diphenylhydantoin are described in which alkoxymethyl or benzyloxymethyl groups are attached to the nitrogen atoms of the rings. Therapeutic compositions containing these compounds and their use as anti-convulsant agents are described.

Abstract: Various derivatives of barbituric acid and of diphenylhydantoin are described in which alkoxymethyl or benzyloxymethyl groups are attached to the nitrogen atoms of the rings. Therapeutic compositions containing these compounds and their use as anti-convulsant agents are described.

Abstract: Steel pipe is provided with an external protective coating by first applying a corrosion protective coating of fused powdered epoxy resin adhered to the pipe, then applying (e.g. as by wrapping a sheet) an outer polyolefin layer directly onto the corrosion protective coating. The outer sheet of polyolefin is provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a hot melt adhesive which adhesive may also be reactive with the epoxy coating (e.g. one having free carboxyl group such as ethylene acrylic acid copolymer). The polyolefin is preferably polyethylene or polypropylene and most preferably polyethylene. Either high or low density polyolefin may be used.

Abstract: Steel pipe is provided with protective coating by first applying a corrosion protective coating such as fused powdered epoxy resin or heat activated adhesive or butyl-based pressure-sensitive adhesive adhered to the pipe, then extruding or coextruding an outer polyolefin layer directly onto the corrosion protective coating. The coextrusion step may include an outer layer of high density polyethylene and an inner adherent layer of low density polyethylene, or an outer layer of polyethylene or polypropylene and an inner layer of a copolymer of ethylene or propylene and acrylic acid.

Abstract: Compounds containing a lipophilic radical, a polyethyleneoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated radical are disclosed. The compounds are useful as nonionic monomeric emulsion stabilizers.

Abstract: It is disclosed that compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y represents (C.dbd.O).sub.m in which m has a value of 0 or 1; n has a value of 0 or 1; and X represents S, NH or O; provided that there is a COOH substituent at the 1, 2 or 3 position relative to the X group; and further provided that when X is NH and n is O, the COOH group cannot be at the 2 position; or a nontoxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are capable of decreasing the ratio of the rates of bone resportion to bone deposition in a host animal, e.g., in the treatment of osteoporosis.