Abstract: A method of estimating an initial rotor position of a switched reluctance (SR) machine having a rotor and a stator is provided. The method may comprise the steps of driving a phase current in each of a plurality of phases of the SR machine to a predefined limit, performing an integration of a common bus voltage associated with each phase, determining a flux value for each phase based on the integrations, and determining the initial rotor position based on the flux values.

Abstract: An air intake manifold assembly for use with an internal combustion engine includes a plenum portion and a runner assembly mounted to the plenum portion. The runner assembly has a flange disposed between an air intake portion and an air outlet portion.

Abstract: The process comprises (a) forming 17?-acetoxy-11?-(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione (VA-2914) isopropanol hemisolvate crystals by dissolving in isopropanol and subsequently crystallising; (b) separating the VA-2914 isopropanol hemisolvate crystals; and (c) converting said VA-2914 isopropanol hemisolvate into VA-2914. The VA-2914 compound is a steroid with anti-progestational and anti-glucocorticoid activity, useful in therapeutic and contraceptive gynaecological indications and in treating Cushing's syndrome and glaucoma.

Abstract: A system, method, apparatus, and computer program products for operating a credit promotion program includes identifying a consumer who wishes to participate in the promotion, identifying a voucher associated with the credit promotion program, and identifying a purchase by the consumer, including a purchase amount and a purchase date. A credit promotion period for the consumer is then opened if the purchase amount exceeds a pre-established trigger amount. The consumer's purchases during the promotion period are then monitored for subsequent application of promotion benefits.