Abstract: The invention relates to the use of copolymers which can be obtained by the polymerization of monomers (A) and (B), (A) being a monomer of formula (I), wherein A represents a C2 to C4 alkylene group, B represents a C2 to C4 alkylene group different from A, R represents hydrogen or methyl, m is a number from 1 to 500, and n is a number from 1 to 500, and (B) being an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which contains an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for demulsifying oil/water emulsions in amounts of 0.0001 to 5% by weight, based on the oil content of the emulsion to be demulsified.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-based hydraulic fluids comprising a) water, b) at least one glycol, a polyglycol, or both, and c) 0.1 to 30 wt % of at least one compound of formula 1, where M is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkali earth metal, or ammonia, Ar1 and Ar2 are independently monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic groups that can have substituents or can comprise heteroatoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of copolymers which can be obtained by the polymerization of monomers (A) and (B), (A) being a monomer of formula (I), wherein A represents a C2 to C4 alkylene group, B represents a C2 to C4 alkylene group different from A, R represents hydrogen or methyl, m is a number from 1 to 500, and n is a number from 1 to 500, and (B) being an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which contains an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for demulsifying oil/water emulsions in amounts of 0.0001 to 5% by weight, based on the oil content of the emulsion to be demulsified.

Abstract: The object of the invention is the use of phosphonic acids of the formula (4), where R2 is H or C1-C500-alkyl, and R3 and R4 independently from each other are H or C1-C500-alkyl, with the proviso that not all groups R2, R3, R4 are hydrogen, and having a molecular weight from 250 to 10,000 units, in quantities from 0.5 to 10,000 ppm with respect to the oil, for the dispersion of asphaltenes in asphalt-containing crude oils or residual oils.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.005 to 10% by weight of at least one oil-soluble organic ammonium sulfonate (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and a compound of the formula 1 in which R2 is a straight-chain or branched C1- to C20-alkyl radical, p is from 1 to 75, X is one 1,2-alkylene group or different 1,2-alkylene groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and k is from 1 to 200 to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and block polymers which are obtainable from a compound which comprises from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and from 1 to 25 hydroxyl groups, amino groups or both by its blockwise alkoxylation with at least 2 different blocks of in each case from 1 to 200 mol of C2- to C4-alkylene oxide to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and oligo- or polyethyleneimines which have been alkoxylated with from 1 to 100 C2- to C4-alkylene oxide groups or a mixture of such alkylene oxide groups per free NH group to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention thus provides crude oils and products which have been produced therefrom and comprise distillation residues, comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin having a repeat structural unit of the formula where R1 is a branched alkyl or alkenyl radical which has from 10 to 40 carbon atoms and bears at least one carboxyl, carboxylate and/or ester group, R2 is hydrogen or R1 R3 is hydrogen or an alkoxy group of the formula -(A-O)m—H, A is a C2- to C4-alkylene group, m is from 1 to 100, R4 is hydrogen, a C1- to C11-alkyl radical or a carboxyl group, R5 is C1-C200-alkyl or -alkenyl, O—R6 or O—C(O)—R6, R6 is C1-C200-alkyl or -alkenyl, n is from 1 to 100 and k is 1 or 2, the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin for splitting emulsions of water and crude oils or products derived therefrom, the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin for improving the cold flowability of crude oils and products derived therefrom, and the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin as an asphaltene dispersant in c

Abstract: The present invention relates to alkylphenol-aldehyde resins containing oligo- or polymmers having a repeat structural unit of the formula where R1 is a branched alkyl or alkenyl radical which has from 10 to 40 carbon atoms and bears at least one carboxyl, carboxylate and/or ester group, R2 is hydrogen or R1 R3 is hydrogen or an alkoxy group of the formula —(A-O)m—H, A is a C2- to C4-alkylene group, m is from 1 to 100, R4 is hydrogen, a C1- to C11-alkyl radicals or a carboxyl group, R5 is C1-C200-alkyl or -alkenyl, O—R6 or O—C(O)—R6, R6 is C1-C200-alkyl or-alkenyl, n is from 1 to 100 and k is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.05 to 10% by weight of at least one salt of an aromatic base and of a sulfonic acid (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.005 to 10% by weight of at least one oil-soluble organic ammonium sulfonate (constituent II).