Abstract: A reception bush for a piezoelectric actuator is provided with two connection pins for electrically bonding the piezoelectric actuator, in particular for a piezoelectric actuator controlling the injector of an injection system for an internal combustion engine. The reception bush has a first (1) and a second (2) bush elements which are interconnected when the bush is mounted. The first element (1) is provided with through holes (4, 5) for the connection pins of the inventive piezoelectric actuator. The second element (2) is provided with at least one guide (12) for the connection pins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-lifting capacity piezoelectric actuator (1) comprising an piezoelectric layer (10) and a second layer (20) whose material gradient is directed to the thickness. An electric field produces different extension degrees in said piezoelectric layer (10) and in the second layer (30), thereby increasing the lifting capacity of the piezoelectric actuator (1) in combination with an impressed mechanical prestressing. The inventive piezoelectric actuator is used at a low voltage, for example, for bio and medical engineering (micropumps, microvalves), in industrial electronic engineering (pneumatic valves) and for microactuators and micromotors.

Abstract: A piezoelectric component with a monolithic stack, has electrode layers and piezoceramic layers arranged alternately one on top of the other, the piezoceramic layers have a piezoceramic, and having at least one porous security layer arranged in the stack for the formation of a crack if mechanical overload of the stack should occur. The piezoelectric component has an infiltration barrier arranged between the security layer and a lateral surface section of the stack for suppressing the penetration of a foreign substance into the security layer. The piezoelectric component can be as a piezoactuator for controlling a valve, particularly a valve of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A multi-layer piezoelectric element having higher durability which experience less decrease in the amount of displacement even when operated continuously over a long period of time under a high pressure and a high voltage is provided. The multi-layer piezoelectric element comprises a plurality of piezoelectric layers and a plurality of internal electrode layers, wherein the piezoelectric layers and the internal electrode layers are stacked alternately one on another, and at least one of the plurality of internal electrode layers contains at least one nitride, titanium nitride or zirconium nitride.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a piezoelectric component including at least one fully active piezoelectric element comprising electrode layers and piezoelectric layers arranged therebetween. The electrode layers are conveyed to a lateral edge of the piezoelectric element and contacted there. The external electrode is attached in a structured fashion for electrical contacting and/or a structured external electrode is made available: The external electrode essentially includes two components, namely the contacting field and the contacting path. In the event of several piezoelectric elements (piezoelectric actuator in multilayer structure) stacked one above the other, the contacting path functions as a collector electrode, which connects the contacting fields of the piezoelectric elements to one another. The insulation path exists for the electrical insulation of the contacting path from electrode layers which are not to be contacted.

Abstract: A piezo actuator in a monolithic multilayer design, has at least one piezoelectrically active stack element, wherein the stack element has stacked piezoceramic layers made of piezoceramic material and electrode layers arranged between the piezoceramic layers, at least one piezoelectrically inactive terminating region arranged above the stack element, and at least one junction region arranged between the stack element and the terminating region, wherein the stack element, the terminating region and the junction region are connected to one another to form a monolithic total stack. The junction region has stacked piezoceramic layers and electrode layers arranged between the piezoceramic layers, and the piezoceramic layers and the electrode layers are in a form and are arranged on one another such that in the stack direction of the junction region one piezoelectrically active area per junction piezoceramic layer is successively changed from piezoceramic layer to piezoceramic layer.

Abstract: A multi-layer piezoelectric element which undergo less change in the amount of displacement and shows high durability during continuous operation under a high voltage and pressure over a long period are provided. The multi-layer piezoelectric element comprises a stack having metal layers and piezoelectric layers stacked one on another, and a pair of external electrodes formed on the side faces of the stack, wherein at least one of the metal layers is stress relieving layer having partial metal layers scattered between the two piezoelectric layers and voids, wherein junction sections are formed between the two piezoelectric layers to join and are disposed on both sides of an imaginary straight line drawn to connect the center of width of one of the external electrodes and the center of width of the other of the external electrodes in a plane including the stress relieving perpendicular to the stacking direction.

Abstract: A wire saw (S) for separating a plurality of ceramic components (11-16) from a ceramic component block (1) has a roller system (2), the roller system has a plurality of deflecting rollers (3-5) guiding a wire (6) to form a wire harp (7), wherein at least one of the deflecting rollers (3) is divided into separate discs (31-36) guiding a single wire winding (61-66) of the wire (6) and being inclined at an adjustable angle (a) of less than 90 DEG to an axle (A) connecting the centers (M1-M6) of the discs (31-36).

Abstract: In a method for detaching a plurality of ceramic components (11-15) from a ceramic component block (1), the following steps are provided: providing the component block (1); mounting a plurality of parallel wire segments (21-26) in a frame (3) to form a saw frame (2); and sawing the provided component block (1) into the plurality of components (11-15) using the saw frame (2).

Abstract: A piezoelectric component with a monolithic stack has piezoceramic layers and electrode layers arranged alternately one on top of the other, at least one porous security layer arranged in the stack for the formation of a crack if mechanical overload of the stack occurs, at least one outer electrode arranged at a lateral surface section for electric contacting of the electrode layers and a plastic sheath of the stack for protecting the stack, wherein the plastic sheath has silicon. The piezoelectric component is characterized in that a coating of the outer electrode, has silicon-free polymer, is arranged between the outer electrode and the plastic sheath. By coating the plating of the outer electrode, the area of the security layer present directly under the plating is protected from silicon component deposits. The piezoelectric component is used for the control of valves, particularly of injection valves of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A method for producing a correlation between a first state of a piezoelectric component (1, 20) comprising a piezoceramic element and a second state of the component comprises the following steps: a) a first group of components respectively in the first state is prepared (101), b) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the first group is determined (102), c) the piezoceramic element of the components of the first group is polarised, and a corresponding component of a second group in the second state is thus created from each component of the first group (103), d) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the second group is determined (104), and e) the correlation is produced by comparing the defined characteristics of each component of the first group with the defined characteristic of the corresponding component of the second group (105).

Abstract: In a piezoelectric multilayer actuator (1) having micromechanical relief zones (30) and an insulation layer (40) as well as in a method for producing said actuator, as a result of the micromechanical relief zones (30), poling cracks are concentrated in these relief regions (30). This makes it possible to provide the sections I, II, III of the multilayer actuator (1) with an insulation layer (40) which only has an extension behaviour similar to the multilayer actuator (1) without poling cracks.

Abstract: According to various production methods for producing a piezoceramic multilayer actuator, in the course of the production method, multilayer locks (10) are electrochemically or mechanically processed in such a way that a recess structure is obtained. The lateral surfaces (22; 24) of the electrodes (20) inside these recesses are electrically insulated using the slip casting method in order to be able to contact the remaining electrodes by imprinting an outer metallization.

Abstract: In a method for producing a multilayer encapsulation (1) of a piezo actuator (5) such that the piezo actuator (5) is protected towards the outside without having to use an additional enveloping housing-type structure, in order to produce the multilayer encapsulation (1), an electrically insulating elastic layer (10) is first applied to the surface of the piezo actuator (5), whereupon a metallic layer is applied to the electrically insulating elastic layer (10) so as to planarly cover the same.

Abstract: In a method for the production of a gradient encapsulation layer 20 on a piezoelectric actuator 1, based on this gradient encapsulation layer 20, the piezoelectric actuator 1 does not 5 require an additional housing-like enveloping structure in order to be protected externally. The gradient encapsulation layer 20 is produced by cold gas spraying of particles having different material properties.

Abstract: A contact mat (9) for electrically contacting an actuator, particularly a piezo actuator for an injector of an injection system has several electrically conductive wires (5) that are placed next to each other and several mechanical transversal connections located between the individual wires (5). The transversal connections consist of one respective terminal post (3, 4, 20-22) of the actuator.

Abstract: High pressure discharge lamp (20) with improved ignitability. A spiral pulse generator (1) that is directly mounted inside the outer piston (12) of the lamp is used for igniting the high pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: A support assembly for a piezoelectric actuator (15), in particular for a piezoelectric actuator for driving an injector for the injection system of an internal combustion engine has a holder (5-10) for spatially securing a piezoelectric stack (2) and two associated connection pins (11, 12) for electrically contacting the stack (2). The support assembly is configured as a single support, which only holds a single piezoelectric stack (2) with two associated connection pins (11, 12).

Abstract: A piezoactuator has at least one piezoelectric-active partial stack with piezoceramic layers arranged one over the other with piezoceramic material and electrode layers arranged between the piezoceramic layers, at least one piezoelectric-inactive terminating region arranged over the partial stack and at least one transition region between the partial stack and the terminating region, the partial stack, the terminating region and the transition region all connected together to give a monolithic complete stack. The transition region has a transition region stack with piezoceramic layers arranged one over the other and electrode layers arranged between the piezoceramic layers both have a form and are arranged on each other such that, in the stack direction of the transition region stack, from piezoceramic layer to piezoceramic layer there is a successive rotation about a main axis of the polarity and/or a rotation of the main axis of the electric control is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a receiving sleeve for a piezoelectric actuator, in particular for a piezoelectric actuator for driving an injector of an injection system in an internal combustion engine. Said sleeve comprises a first sleeve part (1) and a second sleeve part (2), the first sleeve part (1) being connected to the second sleeve part (2) when the sleeve is assembled. In addition, the inventive receiving sleeve comprises an anti-rotation element (6, 8) for maintaining a predefined angular position between the first sleeve part (1) and the second sleeve part (2).