Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions directed to unspooling a substrate from a source coil and polishing a surface of the substrate, wherein before the polishing, the substrate includes depressions separated by interstices and a coating including a hydrogel disposed on the depressions and the interstices, and the polishing includes applying a slurry to the surface of the substrate and removing the hydrogel from the interstices but not the depressions by contacting the surface of the substrate with one or more polisher and introducing relative movement between the one or more polisher and the surface.

Abstract: A flow cell can comprise a first substrate; a second substrate; and/or an adhesive layer that couples the first substrate to the second substrate. The adhesive layer can comprise a first adhesive and a second adhesive. A flow channel can be at least partially defined by the first substrate on a flow channel first side, by the second substrate on a flow channel second side opposite the flow channel first side, and by the first adhesive between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first adhesive can be disposed between the flow channel and the second adhesive.

Abstract: A micro-optic cell design with randomly positioned lenslets is provided herein that uses statistical reconstruction of a micro-lens array. A method of making an optical element, which includes a micro-optic unit cell comprising one or more lenslets, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A micro-optic cell design with randomly positioned lenslets is provided herein that uses statistical reconstruction of a micro-lens array. A method of making an optical element, which includes a micro-optic unit cell comprising one or more lenslets, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer solar cell has an anode, cathode and an active layer. The anode has a surface area larger than the cathode. On the anode, in the area with no cathode, is a conducting element in electrical contact with the anode, having a higher conductivity than the anode and substantially surrounding the cathode in order to minimize the distance between any two points on the cathode and the conducting element. The conducting element allows electrons to travel a shorter distance in the anode and through a higher conducting path to an electrical contact.