Abstract: Auditing of page profile data on sources is disclosed. Normalized reference location data associated with attributes of an entity location are obtained. Page data from the profile of the entity location on a source is collected. The collected page data is normalized. It is determined whether the page data on the profile of the entity location on the source is valid at least in part by comparing the normalized collected page data against the normalized reference listing data. An audit score is assigned to the profile of the entity location on the source based at least in part on the validity determination. Output is provided based at least in part on the audit.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, operations may include receiving a first Ethernet signal having a first data rate less than a second data rate, the second data rate being a ZR data rate. The operations may also include dividing the first Ethernet signal into a plurality of first-signal sub-signals that each have a third data rate that is less than the first data rate. Moreover, the operations may include generating a second Ethernet signal having the second data rate, the generating of the second Ethernet signal being based on the plurality of first-signal sub-signals such that the second Ethernet signal includes the plurality of first-signal sub-signals. Further, the operations may include providing the second Ethernet signal to a ZR network such that the second Ethernet signal is a ZR signal.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, operations may include receiving a first Ethernet signal having a first data rate less than a second data rate, the second data rate being a ZR data rate. The operations may also include dividing the first Ethernet signal into a plurality of first-signal sub-signals that each have a third data rate that is less than the first data rate. Moreover, the operations may include generating a second Ethernet signal having the second data rate, the generating of the second Ethernet signal being based on the plurality of first-signal sub-signals such that the second Ethernet signal includes the plurality of first-signal sub-signals. Further, the operations may include providing the second Ethernet signal to a ZR network such that the second Ethernet signal is a ZR signal.

Abstract: A system and method for of pre-provisioning recovery paths in a mesh network including creating i) a working path between a head end NE and a tail end NE of the mesh network and ii) a recovery path between the head end NE and the tail end NE, wherein the working path and the recovery path include one or more intermediate NEs; provisioning the working path in an activated state, including establishing cross connects of each of the NEs of the working path; provisioning the recovery path in a pending state, including establishing cross connects of each of the NEs of the recovery path; after provisioning the recovery path, detecting a failure along the working path, and in response, allocating and reserving link resources along the recovery path; and activating, by the NEs along the recovery path, cross connects of the recovery path into respective hardware associated with the NEs.

Abstract: A system and method for of pre-provisioning recovery paths in a mesh network including creating i) a working path between a head end NE and a tail end NE of the mesh network and ii) a recovery path between the head end NE and the tail end NE, wherein the working path and the recovery path include one or more intermediate NEs; provisioning the working path in an activated state, including establishing cross connects of each of the NEs of the working path; provisioning the recovery path in a pending state, including establishing cross connects of each of the NEs of the recovery path; after provisioning the recovery path, detecting a failure along the working path, and in response, allocating and reserving link resources along the recovery path; and activating, by the NEs along the recovery path, cross connects of the recovery path into respective hardware associated with the NEs.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tunneling GCC0 bytes over an OTN transport network are disclosed. The method includes receiving, at a first network element, a first data frame comprising a set of management bytes and a set of data bytes, determining whether the set of management bytes should be tunneled, and, in response to determining that the management bytes should be tunneled, sending, to a second network element, a second data frame comprising the set of management bytes and the set of data bytes.

Abstract: A network element is disclosed. In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a network element may comprise a network interface configured to communicatively couple to a network, and a controller communicatively coupled to the network interface. The controller may be configured to determine a delay-measurement interval, and to perform a plurality of delay measurements at a respective plurality of randomly determined times within the delay-measurement interval. Performing a delay measurement may comprise sending an outgoing signal, receiving an incoming signal, and determining a delay time based on the outgoing signal and the incoming signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tunneling GCC0 bytes over an OTN transport network are disclosed. The method includes receiving, at a first network element, a first data frame comprising a set of management bytes and a set of data bytes, determining whether the set of management bytes should be tunneled, and, in response to determining that the management bytes should be tunneled, sending, to a second network element, a second data frame comprising the set of management bytes and the set of data bytes.

Abstract: A method of network communications includes determining an access identifier (AID) for an egress signal through a network interface of a network element, an Optical Transport Network (OTN) multiplexing structure identifier (MSI) associated with the egress signal through the network interface, another AID associated with a defined ingress signal through the network interface, another OTN MSI associated with the defined ingress signal through the network interface, and associating the egress signal and the defined ingress signal based on the AIDs and OTN MSIs. The first OTN MSI is not equal to the second OTN MSI.

Abstract: A network element is disclosed. In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a network element may comprise a network interface configured to communicatively couple to a network, and a controller communicatively coupled to the network interface. The controller may be configured to determine a delay-measurement interval, and to perform a plurality of delay measurements at a respective plurality of randomly determined times within the delay-measurement interval. Performing a delay measurement may comprise sending an outgoing signal, receiving an incoming signal, and determining a delay time based on the outgoing signal and the incoming signal.

Abstract: Determining an active/standby state for an interface unit includes determining an entity active/standby state for each entity of one or more entities of the interface unit. If each entity active/standby state is standby, then an aggregated active/standby state of the interface unit is established to be standby.

Abstract: Managing pluggable modules of a network element includes receiving an approved pluggable module list for the network element. A pluggable module is received at the network element, and a component identifier of the pluggable module is determined. If the component identifier is on the approved pluggable module list, the pluggable module is approved for operation with the network element. If the component identifier is not on the approved pluggable module list, the pluggable module is rejected for operation with the network element.

Abstract: Determining an active/standby state of one or more modules of a network element includes provisioning a path through the modules, where the path is for providing a service. A signal is introduced into the path, and the path is monitored. The service is established to be ready in accordance with the monitoring. The modules are determined to be in an active state in response to establishing that the service is ready.

Abstract: Determining an active/standby state for an interface unit includes determining an entity active/standby state for each entity of one or more entities of the interface unit. If each entity active/standby state is standby, then an aggregated active/standby state of the interface unit is established to be standby.

Abstract: Pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives are described herein. The described invention also includes methods of making such derivatives as well as methods of using the same in the treatment of diseases.