Abstract: Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: A system. The system may include a first zone into which a first precursor is introduced; a second zone into which a second precursor is introduced; a third zone between the first zone and the second zone and in which a reactive species is generated; a fourth zone between the first zone and the third zone; a fifth zone between the second zone and the third zone; wherein a process gas is introduced into the fourth zone and the fifth zone; wherein the reactive species and the first precursor is mixed in the fourth zone and the reactive species and the second precursor is mixed in the fifth zone; and a substrate transport mechanism.

Abstract: An article is provided that includes a substrate, a silicon containing layer on the substrate, and a layer including metallic Pt on the silicon containing layer. The silicon containing layer is a diamond-like glass layer. Optionally, the substrate is a porous membrane. In some cases, the silicon containing layer is a continuous layer.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising an Ir layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ir layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ir are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: A hydrogen fueling system for generating hydrogen on demand is described. The system includes an electrolyzer configured to generate at least a predetermined quantity of hydrogen in a predetermined time when operated at no less than a predetermined current density and provided with at least a predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time, where the predetermined quantity of hydrogen is at least 1 kg of hydrogen, the predetermined time is no more than 30 minutes, and the predetermined current density is at least 5 A/cm2. The system may further include an electrical energy storage system electrically connected to the electrolyzer and capable of supplying at least 20% of the predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time. The electrolyzer may include an anode including a plurality of acicular particles dispersed in an ionomer binder, where the acicular particles include iridium.

Abstract: Described herein is a composition comprising: a plurality of particles, wherein the particles comprise a polyimide core; and a coating thereon, wherein the coating comprises at least one of a metallic platinum and a platinum oxide. Such compositions may be used as a polymer electrolyte membrane for electrochemical cells, including fuel cells or water electrolyzers.

Abstract: Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: An article including a substrate; a silicon containing layer on the substrate; and a layer comprising metallic Pt on the silicon containing layer.

Abstract: There is provided a barrier film having a substrate, a low thermal conductivity organic layer and an inorganic stack. The inorganic stack will include a low thermal conductivity non-metallic inorganic material layer and a high thermal conductivity metallic material layer.

Abstract: There is provided a vacuum insulation panel envelope having a substrate, a low thermal conductivity organic layer and a low thermal conductivity inorganic stack. The low thermal conductivity inorganic stack will include low thermal conductivity non-metallic inorganic materials and/or low thermal conductivity metallic materials.

Abstract: A transistor including a source; a drain; a gate region, the gate region including a gate; an island; and a gate oxide, wherein the gate oxide is positioned between the gate and the island; and the gate and island are coactively coupled to each other; and a source barrier and a drain barrier, wherein the source barrier separates the source from the gate region and the drain barrier separates the drain from the gate region.

Abstract: A transistor including a source; a drain; a gate region, the gate region including a gate; an island; and a gate oxide, wherein the gate oxide is positioned between the gate and the island; and the gate and island are coactively coupled to each other; and a source barrier and a drain barrier, wherein the source barrier separates the source from the gate region and the drain barrier separates the drain from the gate region.

Abstract: A diode having a reference voltage electrode, a variable voltage electrode, and a diode material between the electrodes. The diode material is formed of at least one high-K dielectric material and has an asymmetric energy barrier between the reference voltage electrode and the variable voltage electrode, with the energy barrier having a relatively maximum energy barrier level proximate the reference voltage electrode and a minimum energy barrier level proximate the variable voltage electrode.

Abstract: A diode having a reference voltage electrode, a variable voltage electrode, and a diode material between the electrodes. The diode material is formed of at least one high-K dielectric material and has an asymmetric energy barrier between the reference voltage electrode and the variable voltage electrode, with the energy barrier having a relatively maximum energy barrier level proximate the reference voltage electrode and a minimum energy barrier level proximate the variable voltage electrode.