Abstract: A lithium metal battery is disclosed. The lithium battery comprising a Li metal anode, a cathode and an electrolyte in between the Li metal anode and the cathode wherein the electrolyte includes immobilized anions at least at the interface between the Li metal anode and the electrolyte to maintain the anionic concentration at the interface above zero throughout the charge-discharge cycles thereby preventing surface potential instability at the interface of the Li metal anode and electrolyte.

Abstract: A lithium metal battery is disclosed. The lithium battery comprising a Li metal anode, a cathode and an electrolyte in between the Li metal anode and the cathode wherein the electrolyte includes immobilized anions at least at the interface between the Li metal anode and the electrolyte to maintain the anionic concentration at the interface above zero throughout the charge-discharge cycles thereby preventing surface potential instability at the interface of the Li metal anode and electrolyte.

Abstract: A lithium metal battery is disclosed. The lithium battery comprising a Li metal anode, a cathode and an electrolyte in between the Li metal anode and the cathode wherein the electrolyte includes immobilized anions at least at the interface between the Li metal anode and the electrolyte to maintain the anionic concentration at the interface above zero throughout the charge-discharge cycles thereby preventing surface potential instability at the interface of the Li metal anode and electrolyte.

Abstract: A lithium battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells assembled together and a rigid casing forming an enclosure. The plurality of electrochemical cells includes: at least one first electrochemical cell, at least one second electrochemical cell; and at least one third electrochemical cell disposed between the at least one first electrochemical cell and the at least one second electrochemical cell. The at least one first electrochemical cell is disposed between a first wall of the casing and the at least one third electrochemical cell. The at least one second electrochemical cell is disposed between a second wall of the casing and the at least one third electrochemical cell. The first and second walls provide a heat sink path to dissipate excess heat generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells. The at least one first and second electrochemical cells are more capacitive than the at least one third electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A lithium battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells assembled together, the electrochemical cells assembled with electrochemical cells of different characteristics to compensate the heat loss through heat sinks in the battery.

Abstract: The invention disclosed is a method for decreasing the internal resistance or impedance of a battery or electrochemical cell is described which comprises the step of discharging the battery or cell until it reaches an overdischarge condition and maintaining the battery or cell in the overdischarge condition for a period of time sufficient to effect a diminution of the internal resistance or impedance of a battery or electrochemical cell; and a battery or electrochemical cell having a reduced impedance.

Abstract: A lithium battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells assembled together, the electrochemical cells assembled with electrochemical cells of different configuration to compensate the heat loss through heat sinks in the battery.

Abstract: A lithium battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells assembled together, the electrochemical cells assembled with electrochemical cells of different characteristics to compensate the heat loss through heat sinks in the battery.

Abstract: The invention disclosed is a method for decreasing the internal resistance or impedance of a battery or electrochemical cell is described which comprises the step of discharging the battery or cell until it reaches an overdischarge condition and maintaining the battery or cell in the overdischarge condition for a period of time sufficient to effect a diminution of the internal resistance or impedance of a battery or electrochemical cell; and a battery or electrochemical cell having a reduced impedance.