Abstract: A burner nozzle and a method of operating the burner nozzle can include a main air/fuel port located centrally within the burner nozzle, and a group of staged gas fuel ports that surrounds the main air-fuel port and which can direct fuel to an established flame zone downstream from the burner nozzle. Furthermore, a trapped vortex chamber can be formed in a wall of the main air/fuel port and can communicate with a group of primary gas ports in a fuel circuit, such that the trapped vortex chamber facilitates flame stability with respect to a flame produced by the burner nozzle.

Abstract: A direct gas-fired burner assembly is disclosed in which a two-stage flame is produced. A gas manifold is attached to two baffles with apertures disposed therein. The apertures are designed such that a fuel rich zone occurs near the manifold, while a lean zone occurs away from the manifold. At high fire, the apertures create a negative pressure zone which draws the gas away from the burner thereby allowing a primary flame to burn. The primary flame in the fuel rich zone ignites a secondary flame in the lean zone. Because a flame is burning throughout the entire combustion zone, the flame does not move out past the baffles, the flame remains smaller and cooler, and a lower output of pollutants is achieved.

Abstract: A direct-air, gas-fired air makeup heating unit is disclosed which provides reduced nitrogen dioxide emissions with a higher temperature rise. The unit includes a combustion chamber with a protective chamber downstream of the combustion chamber. At high firing intensity, the flame exits the combustion chamber and enters the protective chamber. The resulting flame is therefore protected from excess air moving around the combustion chamber, thereby lowering nitrogen dioxide emissions even at such high firing intensities.

Abstract: A direct-air, gas-fired air makeup heating unit is disclosed which provides reduced nitrogen dioxide emissions with a higher temperature rise. The unit includes a combustion chamber with a protective chamber downstream of the combustion chamber. At high firing intensity, the flame exits the combustion chamber and enters the protective chamber. The resulting flame is therefore protected from excess air moving around the combustion chamber, thereby lowering nitrogen dioxide emissions even at such high firing intensities.

Abstract: A burner assembly includes a generally cylindrical burner tube having a combustion chamber. The burner tube supplies combustion air and combustion gas to the combustion chamber. A burner head assembly is disposed in the burner tube upstream of the combustion chamber. The burner head assembly includes a plurality of flame retention plates having a plurality of changeable flame retention plates removably mounted thereto. The flame retention plates include a base plate, at least one intermediate plate, and a top plate. Each of the base plate, the intermediate plate, and the top pate includes a plurality of combustion air flow and combustion gas flow apertures.

Abstract: A burner assembly includes a generally cylindrical burner tube having a combustion chamber. The burner tube supplies combustion air and combustion gas to the combustion chamber. A burner head assembly is disposed in the burner tube upstream of the combustion chamber. The burner head assembly includes a plurality of flame retention plates having a plurality of changeable flame retention plates removably mounted thereto. The flame retention plates include a base plate, at least one intermediate plate, and a top plate. Each of the base plate, the intermediate plate, and the top pate includes a plurality of combustion air flow and combustion gas flow apertures.

Abstract: A direct gas-fired burner assembly is disclosed in which a two-stage flame is produced. A gas manifold is attached to two baffles with apertures disposed therein. The apertures are designed such that a fuel rich zone occurs near the manifold, while a lean zone occurs away from the manifold. At high fire, the apertures create a negative pressure zone which draws the gas away from the burner thereby allowing a primary flame to burn. The primary flame in the fuel rich zone ignites a secondary flame in the lean zone. Because a flame is burning throughout the entire combustion zone, the flame does not move out past the baffles, the flame remains smaller and cooler, and a lower output of pollutants is achieved.

Abstract: A burner assembly having improved BTU output, flame stability and starting reliability is provided. The burner includes a retention plate at an output end of a gas supply line having a central hub from a which a plurality of spokes radially extend. The retention plate and gas supply line are provided within an outer sleeve of the burner. The retention plate occupies a relatively small cross-sectional area of the sleeve. Accordingly, large amounts of combustion air can be forced through the sleeve, with controlling air flow paths being created by apertures provided in each of the spokes. A pilot, including a circumferential spark gap, is provided to improve starting reliability.

Abstract: A burner assembly having improved BTU output, flame stability and starting reliability is provided. The burner includes a retention plate at an output end of a gas supply line having a central hub from a which a plurality of spokes radially extend. The retention plate and gas supply line are provided within an outer sleeve of the burner. The retention plate occupies a relatively small cross-sectional area of the sleeve. Accordingly, large amounts of combustion air can be forced through the sleeve, with controlling air flow paths being created by apertures provided in each of the spokes. A pilot, including a circumferential spark gap, is provided to improve starting reliability.

Abstract: A burner assembly having improved BTU output, flame stability and starting reliability is provided. The burner includes a retention plate at an output end of a gas supply line having a central hub from a which a plurality of spokes radially extend. The retention plate and gas supply line are provided within an outer sleeve of the burner. The retention plate occupies a relatively small cross-sectional area of the sleeve. Accordingly, large amounts of combustion air can be forced through the sleeve, with controlling air flow paths being created by apertures provided in each of the spokes. A pilot, including a circumferential spark gap, is provided to improve starting reliability.

Abstract: A system and method for igniting gaseous fuel-air mixture flowing from flame generating ports in a burner tube having a plate welded to the side of the tube and extending from the tube in close proximity to one of the flame ports. The plate has a cut-out or aperture which forms a plenum which reduces the flow velocity and the plate is electrically grounded. A spark electrode has one end disposed in the aperture and upon application of a high voltage potential to the electrode a spark is discharged to the aperture and the mixture in the plenum is ignited and a portion of the resultant flame retained in the plenum aperture for current rectification sensing of flame presence.