Abstract: An electroporation buffer comprising: a solvent; a sugar; a chloride salt; and a buffering agent. In certain embodiments: the solvent is water; the sugar is glucose or mannitol; the chloride salt is potassium chloride (KCl) or magnesium chloride (MgCl2); and the buffering agent is sodium phosphate, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) and/or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). A method of electroporation, the method comprising applying an electric current to a suspension comprising: isolated eukaryotic cells; a biological material that is exogenous to the cells; and the aforementioned buffer. A recombinant cell produced using such a method. An electroporation apparatus comprising: one or more chambers; one or more pairs of electrodes configured to generate electric fields within the one or more chambers, wherein each electric field corresponds to one chamber; and a flow channel. A method for electroporation comprising utilizing the aforementioned electroporation apparatus.

Abstract: Electroporation is a technique in which an electrical field is applied to cells in order to increase the permeability of the cell membrane. This allows for chemicals, drugs, and/or macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids to be introduced into the cells. Embodiments relate to an electroporation apparatus. The electroporation apparatus comprises: a plurality of chambers configured to store a plurality of cells during an electroporation process; a plurality of electrodes configured to generate a plurality of electric fields within the plurality of chambers during the electroporation process, each electric field of the plurality of electric fields corresponding to one chamber of the plurality of chambers; a flow channel configured to transport the plurality cells during a cell collection process after the electroporation process; and a plurality of valves connecting the plurality of chambers to the flow channel.