Abstract: An article includes a glass or glass-ceramic substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, and at least one via extending through the substrate from the first major surface to the second major surface over an axial length in an axial dimension. The article also includes a metal connector disposed within the via that hermetically seals the via. The article has a helium hermeticity of less than or equal to 1.0×10?8 atm-cc/s after 1000 thermal shock cycles, each of the thermal shock cycle comprises cooling the article to a temperature of ?40° C. and heating the article to a temperature of 125° C., and the article has a helium hermeticity of less than or equal to 1.0×10?8 atm-cc/s after 100 hours of HAST at a temperature of 130° C. and a relative humidity of 85%.

Abstract: An article includes a glass or glass-ceramic substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, and at least one via extending through the substrate from the first major surface to the second major surface over an axial length in an axial dimension. The article also includes a metal connector disposed within the via that hermetically seals the via. The article has a helium hermeticity of less than or equal to 1.0×10?8 atm-cc/s after 1000 thermal shock cycles, each of the thermal shock cycle comprises cooling the article to a temperature of ?40° C. and heating the article to a temperature of 125° C., and the article has a helium hermeticity of less than or equal to 1.0×10?8 atm-cc/s after 100 hours of HAST at a temperature of 130° C. and a relative humidity of 85%.

Abstract: A method of creating very large flat panel displays uses fiber and tubes containing wire electrodes to create the structure in a panel. However, there are several display types, especially those involving an electro-optic material like a liquid crystal, which require the electric field to be spread across the entire surface of the pixel or fiber. A method disclosed herein uses a conductive layer to spread the voltage applied to the wire electrodes in the fiber across the surface of the fiber. The conductive layer may be capacitively or resistively coupled to the wire electrode. In most display applications, a transparent conductive layer is required. The easiest and most cost effective methods to fabricate a transparent conductive layer use a transparent conductive polymer or carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A double-sided fiber-based display includes a plasma tube array sandwiched between two electro-optic materials. The electro-optic materials are preferably sandwiched between two fiber arrays. The two fiber arrays contain wire electrodes to set the charge in the plasma tubes and are parallel to each other and orthogonal to the plasma tube array. The fibers can be alternatively coated with a transparent conductive coating, such as a carbon nanotube film, to spread the voltage across the surface of the fiber. The plasma tubes contain wire electrodes to ignite a plasma along its entire length. The tube surfaces that are in contact with the electro-optic materials are preferably thin and flat. The fiber and plasma tube wire electrodes are preferably directly connected to a circuit board which houses electronics to address the display.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic display that combines the optical function of the display and part of the electronic function of the display into an array of individual fibers. The individual fibers contain a lens or optical function and at least one set of electrodes. Containing the lens function and the address electrode in the same fiber assures alignment of each pixel with its representative lens system and allows for the fabrication of very large three-dimensional, direct view displays. The electronic part of the displays can function as a plasma display (PDP), plasma addressed liquid crystal (PALC) display, field emission display (FED), cathode ray tube (CRT), electroluminescent (EL) display or any similar type of display.

Abstract: The present invention uses at least one array of complex-shaped fibers that contain at least one wire electrode running the length of the glass structure to fabricate a fluorescent lamp. At least one of the complex-shaped fibers has a complex cross-section that forms a channel, which supports a plasma gas. The array of fibers can be composed flat to form a fluorescent lamp or in a cylindrical or conical shaped fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: A full color fiber plasma display device includes two glass plates sandwiched around a top fiber array and a bottom fiber array. The top and bottom fiber arrays are substantially orthogonal and define a structure of the display, with the top fiber array disposed on a side facing towards a viewer. The top fiber array includes identical top fibers, each top fiber including two sustain electrodes located near a surface of the top fiber on a side facing away from the viewer. A thin dielectric layer separates the sustain electrodes from the plasma channel formed by a bottom fiber array. The bottom fiber array includes three alternating bottom fibers, each bottom fiber including a pair of barrier ribs that define the plasma channel, an address electrode located near a surface of the plasma channel, and a phosphor layer coating on the surface of the plasma channel, wherein a luminescent color of the phosphor coating in each of the three alternating bottom fibers represents a subpixel color of the plasma display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a field emission display constructed using an array of fibers and an orthogonal array of emitter electrodes. Each fiber in the fiber array contains an extraction electrode, spacer, a high voltage electrode and a phosphor layer. The array of emitter electrodes consists of carbon nanotube emitters attached to conductive electrodes. The emitter electrodes are separated using non-conductive fibers. A getter material in the form of a wire is placed within the array of emitter electrodes to maintain a high vacuum within the display.

Abstract: A full color fiber plasma display device includes two glass plates sandwiched around a top fiber array and a bottom fiber array. The top and bottom fiber arrays are substantially orthogonal and define a structure of the display, with the top fiber array disposed on a side facing towards a viewer. The top fiber array includes identical top fibers, each top fiber including two sustain electrodes located near a surface of the top fiber on a side facing away from the viewer. A thin dielectric layer separates the sustain electrodes from the plasma channel formed by a bottom fiber array. The bottom fiber array includes three alternating bottom fibers, each bottom fiber including a pair of barrier ribs that define the plasma channel, an address electrode located near a surface of the plasma channel, and a phosphor layer coating on the surface of the plasma channel, wherein a luminescent color of the phosphor coating in each of the three alternating bottom fibers represents a subpixel color of the plasma display.

Abstract: The disclosure teaches using at least two orthogonal arrays of complicated shaped glass rods or very large fibers-like structures (from here in referred to as fibers) with wire electrodes to fabricate plasma displays with plasma cells larger than 0.05 mm3 in volume. (The volume of a plasma cell is defined by the width of the plasma channel times the height of the plasma channel times the pitch of the pair of sustain electrodes.) To increase the size of the bottom fiber and keep the addressing voltage constant or to reduce the addressing voltage, the address electrode is moved from the bottom of the channel up into the barrier rib. Moving the address electrode up into the barrier rib will reduce the distance, d, between the address electrode and the sustain electrodes, thus increasing the electric field of the addressing pulse.

Abstract: A process for frit-sealing together a panel of a fiber-based information display includes assembling the panel and sealing, after the step of assembling, the panel by forcing a glass frit to flow between the two glass plates that comprise the panel using narrow strips of glass. The glass frit-seals the top and bottom glass plates together and covers the wire electrodes at the end of the fibers to dielectrically isolate them from each other.

Abstract: The present invention uses at least one array of complex-shaped fibers that contain at least one wire electrode running the length of the glass structure to fabricate a fluorescent lamp. At least one of the complex-shaped fibers has a complex cross-section that forms a channel, which supports a plasma gas. The array of fibers can be composed flat to form a fluorescent lamp or in a cylindrical or conical shaped fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: An electronic display is formed using an array of hollow tubes filled with an electrophoretic material sandwiched between two plates. The hollow tubes have either barrier walls or an electrostatic barrier, which restrict the flow of electrophoretic particles within the hollow tubes. The flow of electrophoretic particles over these barriers is controlled using electric fields, which makes it possible to matrix address the electrophoretic displays. Wire electrodes built into the hollow tubes and electrodes on the two plates are used to address the display. The plates are preferably composed of glass, glass-ceramic, polymer/plastic or metal, while the hollow tubes are preferably composed of glass, polymer/plastic or a combination of glass and polymer/plastic. Color is optionally imparted into the display using colored tubes, adding a color coating to the surface of the tubes, or adding the color to the electrophoretic material.

Abstract: An array of complex shaped top fibers that each include an address electrode, barrier ribs to form a plasma channel and a phosphor coating on the plasma channel create structure in a plasma display panel. The top fiber array is disposed on the plate facing the viewer and the light generated by the phosphors must penetrate through the top fibers to the viewer. The top fibers can be composed of a colored material associated with the color phosphor layer to add color purity and contrast to the plasma panel. The sustain electrodes are placed on the plate facing away from the viewer and can be included in an array of fibers containing wire sustain electrodes. The sustain electrode surface does not need to be transmissive since the generated light is transmitted through the top fiber array. Therefore, the sustain electrodes can be composed of a reflective metal and cover the majority of the surface of the bottom plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a field emission display constructed using an array of fibers and an orthogonal array of emitter electrodes. Each fiber in the fiber array contains an extraction electrode, spacer, a high voltage electrode and a phosphor layer. The array of emitter electrodes consists of carbon nanotube emitters attached to conductive electrodes. The emitter electrodes are separated using non-conductive fibers. A getter material in the form of a wire is placed within the array of emitter electrodes to maintain a high vacuum within the display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a field emission display constructed using an array of fibers and an orthogonal array of emitter electrodes. Each fiber in the fiber array contains an extraction electrode, spacer, a high voltage electrode and a phosphor layer. The array of emitter electrodes consists of carbon nanotube emitters attached to conductive electrodes. The emitter electrodes are separated using non-conductive fibers. A getter material in the form of a wire is placed within the array of emitter electrodes to maintain a high vacuum within the display.

Abstract: The invention discloses different methods of creating bichromal spheres and cylinders by using both printing techniques and creating a sheet or fiber of the bichromal material and cutting the sheet or fiber into small sizes. To create spheres the small particles are heated to a point where their surface tension creates bichromal spheres. The bichromal fiber can be created by drawing the fiber from a bichromal preform or the bichromal fiber can be formed using a pulltrusion process, where a large bichromal fiber is extruded and is drawn down as it exits the extruded. Coating the bichromal fiber with a coating during the fiber draw process or before the fiber is cut into shorter lengths can create microencapsulated cylinders or spheres.

Abstract: A reflective display is formed using two orthogonal fiber arrays and an electro-optic material. The bottom fibers contain plasma channels, used to address the electro-optic material. Wire electrodes built into the fibers address both the plasma and the electro-optic material. The fibers are composed of glass, plastic or a combination of glass and plastic. Color is imparted into the display using colored fibers, adding a color coating to the surface of the fibers, or adding the color to the electro-optic material. The electro-optic material consists of a liquid crystal material, electrophoretic material, bichromal sphere material, electrochromic material, or any electro-optic material that can serve to create a reflective display.

Abstract: A fiber-based PALC (plasma addressed liquid crystal) display device includes two plates sandwiched around a top fiber array and a bottom fiber array. The top and bottom fiber arrays are substantially orthogonal and define a structure of the display, with the top fiber array disposed on a side facing towards a viewer. The top array includes three alternating top fibers, each top fiber including at least one wire address electrode and built in liquid crystal spacers. The top fibers are composed of a colored material with absorbing sides, which builds into the display the color filter and black matrix functions. The bottom array includes identical bottom fibers, each bottom fiber including a hollow plasma channel and two wire channel electrodes. Polarizing films and liquid crystal alignment layers are applied to the top and bottom fibers, which are assembled orthogonal to each other and a liquid crystal material is filled between them.

Abstract: A process for the fabrication of a fiber-based information display using a lost glass process includes drawing a fiber from a preform composed of at least two different glass compositions, where one of the compositions is a dissolvable glass, and removing the dissolvable glass with a liquid solution to change a cross-sectional shape of the drawn fiber. The lost glass process can be used to create an exposed wire electrode, where the drawn fiber contains a wire electrode that is exposed when the dissolvable glass is removed. The lost glass process can also be used to hold the shape and a tight tolerance of the drawn fiber. The cross-sectional shape of the fibers created using the lost glass process are suitable for use in an information display, such as plasma emissive displays, plasma addressed liquid crystal displays, and field emissive displays.