Abstract: A semiconductor device, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of bit lines located on the substrate, and disposed parallel to each other in a first horizontal direction at predetermined intervals; a plurality of word lines located on the bit line, and disposed parallel to each other in a second horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the first horizontal direction at predetermined intervals; a plurality of channel patterns located on the bit line, spaced apart in a third horizontal direction different from the first and second horizontal directions and in a fourth horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the third horizontal direction, and extending in a vertical direction; and a gate insulating pattern located between the plurality of channel patterns and the plurality of word lines, is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device including: a substrate; a plurality of bit lines located on the substrate and disposed in parallel in a first horizontal direction at predetermined intervals; a plurality of channel patterns respectively arranged on the bit lines in a zigzag pattern along both side edges of the bit lines, and each extending in a vertical direction; a plurality of first word lines commonly connected to the plurality of channel patterns arranged along one side edges of the bit lines; a plurality of second word lines commonly connected to the plurality of channel patterns arranged along the other side edges of the bit lines, disposed in parallel in the second horizontal direction at predetermined intervals, and disposed at a different height from the first word lines; and a gate insulating pattern located between the plurality of channel patterns and the plurality of first or second word lines.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of bit lines located on the substrate, and disposed parallel to each other in a first horizontal direction; a plurality of word lines located on the bit line, and disposed parallel to each other in a second horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a plurality of channel patterns arranged in an array on the bit line, the plurality of channel patterns; a gate insulating pattern located between the plurality of channel patterns and the plurality of word lines; a plurality of switching insulating layers each formed on an upper surface of each of the plurality of channel patterns, at least a portion of which has a thickness that an electron can penetrate upon application of a voltage; and a plurality of control electrodes disposed parallel to each other to connect the plurality of switching insulating layers, is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device including: a substrate; a plurality of bit lines located on the substrate and disposed in parallel in a first horizontal direction; a plurality of word lines located on the bit lines and disposed in parallel in a second horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a plurality of channel patterns located on the bit lines, spaced apart in a third horizontal direction and a fourth horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the third horizontal direction; a gate insulating pattern located between the plurality of channel patterns and the plurality of word lines; a plurality of switching insulating layers respectively formed on upper surfaces of the plurality of channel patterns, a portion of which has a thickness that an electron can penetrate upon application of a voltage; and a plurality of control electrodes disposed in parallel to connect the plurality of switching insulating layers.

Abstract: An electronic device may comprise a communication interface and a processor configured to control the communication interface to receive cellular data from at least one cellular base station, to predict a position of the electronic device based on the received cellular data, to receive information about at least one wireless LAN base station, and to determine the position of the electronic device based information about the at least one wireless LAN base station and the predicted position.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a processor electrically connected with the first communication interface and the second communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to transmit first information related to proximity discovery of the electronic device to a first external electronic device or a second external electronic device through the first communication interface and perform proximity discovery with the first external electronic device through the second communication interface based on the first information or second information related to proximity discovery of the first external electronic device corresponding to the first information.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed in the present specification relate to a method and an apparatus for providing proximity-based information. An electronic apparatus for providing proximity-based information according to various embodiments of the present invention comprises: a communication interface; a memory; and a processor electrically connected to the communication interface and the memory, wherein the processor may be set to obtain first context information from one or more programs running on the electronic apparatus, identify first location information corresponding to the first context information, transmit, to a server, first data including at least one of the first context information and the first location information, through the communication interface, receive, from the server, first event information on a point of interest corresponding to the transmitted first data, and store, in the memory, the received first event information on the point of interest. Other various embodiments are possible.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide methods and systems for achieving D2D communications through unlicensed spectrum. The D2D-U operations can be achieved through multiple approaches. In the first approach, the devices can communicate with each other without any involvement of network. In the second approach, the network provides partial assistance to the devices such as allocating time and frequency resources for D2D-U communication. In the third approach, the network completely controls D2D-U operations between the devices. The embodiments include allocating time and frequency resources for transmission of PSBCH, PSDCH, PSCCH, and PSSCH. The allocations of the time and frequency resources meet regulatory requirements of minimum bandwidth utilization for unlicensed band operation. The embodiments include distributing power in narrow frequency sub-bands of D2D-U spectrum, in order to maximize transmission range of D2D-U communications.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present invention may comprise: a communication circuit for communicating with at least one network; and a processor configured to obtain a location estimation region of the electronic device on the basis of the at least one network, via the communication circuit, and to determine whether the electronic device has entered a region of interest, on the basis of a correlation between a probability distribution for the obtained location estimation region and a probability distribution for a preset region of interest, wherein various embodiments are possible.

Abstract: An electronic device may comprise a communication interface and a processor configured to control the communication interface to receive cellular data from at least one cellular base station, to predict a position of the electronic device based on the received cellular data, to receive information about at least one wireless LAN base station, and to determine the position of the electronic device based information about the at least one wireless LAN base station and the predicted position.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed in the present specification relate to a method and an apparatus for providing proximity-based information. An electronic apparatus for providing proximity-based information according to various embodiments of the present invention comprises: a communication interface; a memory; and a processor electrically connected to the communication interface and the memory, wherein the processor may be set to obtain first context information from one or more programs running on the electronic apparatus, identify first location information corresponding to the first context information, transmit, to a server, first data including at least one of the first context information and the first location information, through the communication interface, receive, from the server, first event information on a point of interest corresponding to the transmitted first data, and store, in the memory, the received first event information on the point of interest. Other various embodiments are possible.

Abstract: An electronic device may comprise a communication interface and a processor configured to control the communication interface to receive cellular data from at least one cellular base station, to predict a position of the electronic device based on the received cellular data, to receive information about at least one wireless LAN base station, and to determine the position of the electronic device based information about the at least one wireless LAN base station and the predicted position.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present invention may comprise: a communication circuit for communicating with at least one network; and a processor configured to obtain a location estimation region of the electronic device on the basis of the at least one network, via the communication circuit, and to determine whether the electronic device has entered a region of interest, on the basis of a correlation between a probability distribution for the obtained location estimation region and a probability distribution for a preset region of interest, wherein various embodiments are possible.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for managing a Point of Interest (POI) using a tile. An electronic device includes a memory; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to receive map information of a cellular base station including a plurality of tiles from at least one server, determine a location of the electronic device based on the received map information, identify at least one tile corresponding to the location of the electronic device based on a request of the processor for configuring a POI, and obtain a first search list of POIs included in the at least one identified tile.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide methods and systems for achieving D2D communications through unlicensed spectrum. The D2D-U operations can be achieved through multiple approaches. In the first approach, the devices can communicate with each other without any involvement of network. In the second approach, the network provides partial assistance to the devices such as allocating time and frequency resources for D2D-U communication. In the third approach, the network completely controls D2D-U operations between the devices. The embodiments include allocating time and frequency resources for transmission of PSBCH, PSDCH, PSCCH, and PSSCH. The allocations of the time and frequency resources meet regulatory requirements of minimum bandwidth utilization for unlicensed band operation. The embodiments include distributing power in narrow frequency sub-bands of D2D-U spectrum, in order to maximize transmission range of D2D-U communications.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a processor electrically connected with the first communication interface and the second communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to transmit first information related to proximity discovery of the electronic device to a first external electronic device or a second external electronic device through the first communication interface and perform proximity discovery with the first external electronic device through the second communication interface based on the first information or second information related to proximity discovery of the first external electronic device corresponding to the first information.

Abstract: A method for communication in an electronic device is provided. The method includes determining whether to control a communication module of the electronic device based on information related to communication between the electronic device and an external device, determining a control value for the communication module based on the determination, and controlling the communication module using the control value.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for managing a Point of Interest (POI) using a tile. An electronic device includes a memory; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to receive map information of a cellular base station including a plurality of tiles from at least one server, determine a location of the electronic device based on the received map information, identify at least one tile corresponding to the location of the electronic device based on a request of the processor for configuring a POI, and obtain a first search list of POIs included in the at least one identified tile.

Abstract: An electronic device may comprise a communication interface and a processor configured to control the communication interface to receive cellular data from at least one cellular base station, to predict a position of the electronic device based on the received cellular data, to receive information about at least one wireless LAN base station, and to determine the position of the electronic device based information about the at least one wireless LAN base station and the predicted position.

Abstract: An apparatus for iteratively estimating a channel in a receiver of a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes a channel estimator configured to estimate a first channel value by using a pilot symbol included in a received signal, a demodulator configured to demodulate the received signal by using the first channel value, a decoding unit configured to decode the received signal demodulated by the demodulator, a feedback determining unit configured to determine whether to iteratively estimate the channel, and a feedback device configured to feed back an input value of the decoding unit when the feedback determining unit determines to iteratively estimate the channel, wherein when the feedback determining unit determines to iteratively estimate the channel, the channel estimator estimates a second channel value by using at least one of the pilot symbol included in the received signal and a data symbol received from the feedback device.