Abstract: Electrodes comprising an alkali metal, for example, lithium, alloyed with nanostructured materials of formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z?1; formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z<1; and/or germanium exhibit a combination of improved capacities, cycle lives, and/or cycling rates compared with similar electrodes made from graphite. These electrodes are useful as anodes for secondary electrochemical cells, for example, batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors.

Abstract: An uplink scheduling system and method in a wireless broadband internet communication system includes calculating priorities of mobile stations (MSs) taking into account headroom size indicating transmission power additionally available for each of the MSs; and determining a transmission format of an MS selected to be preferentially allocated a slot as a result of the priority calculation, taking into account headroom size reported by the selected MS and a margin determined depending on a variation in channel state between the selected MS and a base station (BS).

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a base station capable of checking whether a frequency is illegally used in a wireless communication system are provided. Operations of the base station for checking whether the frequency is illegally used includes setting a silence interval in which a resource is not allocated to a terminal, using silence interval setting information provided from a system manager; when the silence interval arrives, measuring RSSI; and transmitting the RSSI to the system manager to examine at least one of a frequency illegal use and a reception path error using the RSSI.

Abstract: Electrodes comprising an alkali metal, for example, lithium, alloyed with nanostructured materials of formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z?1; formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z<1; and/or germanium exhibit a combination of improved capacities, cycle lives, and/or cycling rates compared with similar electrodes made from graphite. These electrodes are useful as anodes for secondary electrochemical cells, for example, batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a data transmission rate in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. In the method, an interference factor representing an interference degree by an external sector is measured. Interference given to the external sector is estimated using the interference factor, an interference weight depending on a location of a terminal, and an amount of wireless resource use of a self sector. A data transmission rate is determined with consideration of an interference estimation value and a wireless channel state of the terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining an uplink scheduling priority in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a basic priority determination unit for calculating a basic priority metric of at least one Mobile Station (MS), a calculation unit for calculating a correction value for considering an interference level with respect to the basic priority metric by using downlink channel quality of each MS, and a final priority determination unit for determining an uplink scheduling priority by calculating a final priority metric by using the correction value.

Abstract: Methods of purifying samples are provided that are capable of removing carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous impurities from a sample containing a carbon material having a selected structure. Purification methods are provided for removing residual metal catalyst particles enclosed in multilayer carbonaceous impurities in samples generate by catalytic synthesis methods. Purification methods are provided wherein carbonaceous impurities in a sample are at least partially exfoliated, thereby facilitating subsequent removal of carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous impurities from the sample. Methods of purifying carbon nanotube-containing samples are provided wherein an intercalant is added to the sample and subsequently reacted with an exfoliation initiator to achieve exfoliation of carbonaceous impurities.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless mobile communication system in which a mobile station reports a headroom value indicating the magnitude of currently used transmission power and additionally usable transmission power. An uplink scheduling method of a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) includes normalizing the headroom value according to a pre-set reference transmission format; determining a mean data rate of the mobile station; and determining a priority of the mobile station considering the normalized headroom value and the mean data rate.

Abstract: A system and method for adding a burst of a single-input multiple-output mode or collaborative spatial multiplexing mode to a frame in a spatial multiplexing system. A base station is configured to add a burst of a single-input multiple-output mode to a frame in a spatial multiplexing system. The system and method includes backing up a pilot pattern and a number of slots allocated for connections with terminals; releasing slots allocated for a burst; resetting a pilot pattern of a collaborative spatial multiplexing mode burst of the terminals: and recalculating the number of remaining slots; comparing the number of slots that can be additionally allocated to the single-input multiple-output mode with the number of slots released in the releasing step; and determining a transmission format.

Abstract: Methods of purifying samples are provided that are capable of removing carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous impurities from a sample containing a carbon material having a selected structure. Purification methods are provided for removing residual metal catalyst particles enclosed in multilayer carbonaceous impurities in samples generate by catalytic synthesis methods. Purification methods are provided wherein carbonaceous impurities in a sample are at least partially exfoliated, thereby facilitating subsequent removal of carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous impurities from the sample. Methods of purifying carbon nanotube-containing samples are provided wherein an intercalant is added to the sample and subsequently reacted with an exfoliation initiator to achieve exfoliation of carbonaceous impurities.

Abstract: A mobile communication device comprises: a liquid crystal (LC) panel; a drive integrated circuit connected to the LC panel; a keypad printed circuit board (PCB) having a keypad connected to the drive integrated circuit; a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) for connecting the drive integrated circuit and the keypad PCB to each other; a backlight assembly having an outer case, for supplying light to the LC panel; and a fixing member for fixing the FPCB and one end of the outer case of the backlight assembly by adhering to each other. The mobile communication device prevents a part of light emitted from an optical source from being displayed on a screen with a high brightness.

Abstract: An apparatus and method in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a Base Station (BS) which includes a manager for increasing a set point associated with a Mobile Station (MS) if an error is detected in a burst received from the MS, a detector for incrementing a counter associated with the MS if a difference, between a maximum Transmission (Tx) power of the MS and a Tx power used by the MS when transmitting the burst in which the error was detected, is less than a difference threshold, and a determining unit for providing control such that a number of slots allocated to the MS decreases if the counter associated with the MS is greater than a counter threshold.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for guaranteeing a Quality of Service (QoS) traffic rate in a mobile communication system are provided. The scheduling method for guaranteeing a QOS traffic rate in a mobile communication system includes calculating a total sum of traffic rates based on a channel change and a total sum of sustained traffic rates; calculating a weighted traffic rate using the traffic rate based on the channel change and the sustained traffic rate when the sustained traffic rate does not meet the QoS traffic rate; and determining a service priority using the weighted traffic rate. Therefore, the minimum reserved traffic rate and the maximum sustained traffic rate can be assured.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for uplink scheduling in a broadband wireless communication system are provided, in which channel conditions are divided into at least two areas, an area corresponding to channel information of a CSM mobile station received from the CSM mobile station is determined, resources of a first pilot pattern are allocated to the CSM mobile station, if the channel information belongs to an area with good channel condition, and resources of a second pilot pattern are allocated to the CSM mobile station, if the cannel information belongs to an area with poor channel condition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable micro blood separator, which has a blood separator including a main body including an upper substrate and a lower substrate; a blood introduction unit formed at one side of the main body for allowing blood to be introduced into the separator; a blood inflow unit including an inflow groove formed in the lower substrate, through which the blood introduced by the blood introduction unit flows; and a plasma extraction unit including extraction spaces extended from the blood inflow unit and having a height lower than that of the inflow groove of the blood inflow unit so that plasma can be separated from the blood flowing into the blood inflow unit, so as to separate the plasma and corpuscles from the blood and analyze ingredients in the separated plasma.

Abstract: Disclosed is a scheduling method in a communication system including a plurality of mobile stations (MSs) and a base station (BS) for providing a communication service to the MSs. The scheduling method includes determining candidate transmission formats of the MSs according to channel status information fed back from the MSs and levels of transmission power of the MSs; and calculating priorities of the determined candidated transmission formats, and determining a transmission format having the highest priority among the candidated transmission formats, as a transmission format for each of the MSs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling interference signals by a base station in a wireless mobile communication system, the method including classifying a plurality of mobile stations into first and second mobile station groups including the mobile stations having good channel conditions and the mobile stations having poor channel conditions, respectively; and setting first and second thresholds for controlling interferences of the mobile stations belonging to the first mobile station group, adjusting downward an Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level for the mobile stations having Rise over Thermal (RoT) values higher than the first thresholds, and adjusting downward the maximum allowable MCS level for the mobile stations having RoT values lower than the second threshold.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless mobile communication system in which a mobile station reports a headroom value indicating the magnitude of currently used transmission power and additionally usable transmission power. An uplink scheduling method of a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) includes normalizing the headroom value according to a pre-set reference transmission format; determining a mean data rate of the mobile station; and determining a priority of the mobile station considering the normalized headroom value and the mean data rate.

Abstract: An uplink scheduling system and method in a wireless broadband internet communication system includes calculating priorities of mobile stations (MSs) taking into account headroom size indicating transmission power additionally available for each of the MSs; and determining a transmission format of an MS selected to be preferentially allocated a slot as a result of the priority calculation, taking into account headroom size reported by the selected MS and a margin determined depending on a variation in channel state between the selected MS and a base station (BS).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound of Formula II below: OH wherein R1 is a p-nitrobenzyl or p-methoxybenzyl, group; and R2 and R3 may be identical to or different from each other and are each independently a C1-6alkyl or aryl group, or a derivative thereof, and a process for preparing the compound of Formula II. Further disclosed is a process for preparing imipenem of Formula I below: by using the compound of Formula II.