Abstract: An integrated circuit apparatus and a power distribution network thereof are provided. The power distribution network includes a top wiring layer, a bottom wiring layer, and a first conductive path. The top wiring layer includes a first top trace and a second top trace extending along a first direction. The bottom wiring layer includes a first bottom trace extending along a second direction. The first bottom trace has an electric potential equal to that of the first top trace, but different from that of the second top trace. The first conductive path connected between the first top and bottom traces includes a first upper conductive structure and a first lower conductive structure that are located directly under the first top trace and the second top trace, respectively. A signal wire preselected region is defined between the first upper conductive structure and the first bottom trace.

Abstract: An integrated circuit apparatus and a power distribution network thereof are provided. The power distribution network includes a top wiring layer, a bottom wiring layer, and a first conductive path. The top wiring layer includes a first top trace and a second top trace extending along a first direction. The bottom wiring layer includes a first bottom trace extending along a second direction. The first bottom trace has an electric potential equal to that of the first top trace, but different from that of the second top trace. The first conductive path connected between the first top and bottom traces includes a first upper conductive structure and a first lower conductive structure that are located directly under the first top trace and the second top trace, respectively. A signal wire preselected region is defined between the first upper conductive structure and the first bottom trace.

Abstract: A vehicle side obstacle detecting and warning method is applied on a vehicle. The vehicle side obstacle detecting and warning method includes providing a measuring step for measuring a dataset of the vehicle. The vehicle side obstacle detecting and warning method includes providing a detector installing step for positioning a plurality of detectors between the front wheel and the rear wheel according to the maximum inner wheel difference area. The vehicle side obstacle detecting and warning method includes providing a detected area adjusting step for adjusting a detecting distance or a positioning angle of at least one of the detectors to form a detected area. The vehicle side obstacle detecting and warning method includes providing a detecting and warning step for sending a warning message by a warning module disposed at the vehicle when an obstacle is detected by any one of the detectors within the detected area.

Abstract: A driving state warning method is used for judging a driving state by a vehicle path of a vehicle. An image recognizing step is for providing an image capturing device to capture an image and recognize a lane marking of a vehicle lane according to the image. A vehicle speed judging step is for providing a vehicle speed capturing device to judge an actual vehicle speed. A crossing lane judging step is for providing a processing unit to judge whether or not the vehicle is crossing the lane marking according to the image. A consciousness judging step is for calculating a displacement of the vehicle according to the image by the processing unit and comparing whether or not the displacement is greater than a threshold value for judging consciousness of the driver. Therefore, the present disclosure can easily perform installations without any directional light detecting device.

Abstract: A vehicular warning system includes an image information generating module for generating image information associated with a driver and a position of a vehicle, an operation information generating module for generating operation information associated with operation of the vehicle, and a processing module determining first and second risk values respectively with reference to the image information and the operation information, determining a risk index with reference to the first and second risk values, and generating an alert-triggering signal to be received by an alert module that generates an alert signal of one of sound, light and pictures in response to the alert-triggering signal when the risk index reaches a predetermined index threshold.

Abstract: A lane curvature detection system by utilizing vehicular and inertial sensing signals, which utilizes a speed detector, a steering wheel angle sensor, and a driving direction detector, to measure vehicle signals, such as the speed information, steering wheel angle, and driving direction of a vehicle, to estimate a lane curvature for the vehicle, and transmits said lane curvature to following vehicles for reference through a wireless transmission module. The lane curvature can be used to correct a lane curvature model, to increase accuracy of estimation.

Abstract: A lane curvature detection system by utilizing vehicular and inertial sensing signals, which utilizes a speed detector, a steering wheel angle sensor, and a driving direction detector, to measure vehicle signals, such as the speed information, steering wheel angle, and driving direction of a vehicle, to estimate a lane curvature for the vehicle, and transmits said lane curvature to following vehicles for reference through a wireless transmission module. The lane curvature can be used to correct a lane curvature model, to increase accuracy of estimation.

Abstract: An inertial sensor calibration method has steps of mounting an observer device and an inertial sensor of a vehicle carrying on an inertial move, acquiring actual vehicle motion data from the observer device and inertial signal data of the inertial sensor, calculating an integral corresponding to the vehicular dynamic variation model with respect to the inertial signal data to obtain predicted vehicle sensor data and calculating variations of the actual vehicle motion data, acquiring differences between the two calculated data, applying an energy optimization and a discretization to the differences so as to obtain parametric error variances, and feeding back the parametric error variances to the vehicular dynamic variation model to calibrate the parameters associated with offset and scale factor and acquire a calibrated vehicular dynamic variation model. Under the premise of no GPS, electronic compass or pressure sensor, the present invention can secure positioning continuity and reliability.

Abstract: A parking space detection device and method thereof, wherein, firstly, store a plurality of border data relating to moved distance of a vehicle, and distance between vehicle and an obstacle for reverse transmission of ultrasonic waves; then determine if said border data satisfy evaluation conditions, such that it is in a first detecting parking space then obstacle state, or in a first detecting obstacle then parking space state. Wherein, in case that any of evaluation conditions is satisfied, start to calculate a first difference between each of said border data and their average, to determine if it is grater than a standard deviation; in case that answer is positive, fetch at least two data points, a first data point and a second data point, corresponding to border data, then calculate their difference to adjust weights of first data point and second data point, in obtaining a highly accurate parking space.

Abstract: A vehicular warning system includes an image information generating module for generating image information associated with a driver and a position of a vehicle, an operation information generating module for generating operation information associated with operation of the vehicle, and a processing module determining first and second risk values respectively with reference to the image information and the operation information, determining a risk index with reference to the first and second risk values, and generating an alert-triggering signal to be received by an alert module that generates an alert signal of one of sound, light and pictures in response to the alert-triggering signal when the risk index reaches a predetermined index threshold.

Abstract: An inertial sensor calibration method has steps of mounting an observer device and an inertial sensor of a vehicle carrying on an inertial move, acquiring actual vehicle motion data from the observer device and inertial signal data of the inertial sensor, calculating an integral corresponding to the vehicular dynamic variation model with respect to the inertial signal data to obtain predicted vehicle sensor data and calculating variations of the actual vehicle motion data, acquiring differences between the two calculated data, applying an energy optimization and a discretization to the differences so as to obtain parametric error variances, and feeding back the parametric error variances to the vehicular dynamic variation model to calibrate the parameters associated with offset and scale factor and acquire a calibrated vehicular dynamic variation model. Under the premise of no GPS, electronic compass or pressure sensor, the present invention can secure positioning continuity and reliability.

Abstract: A parking space detection device and method thereof, wherein, firstly, store a plurality of border data relating to moved distance of a vehicle, and distance between vehicle and an obstacle for reverse transmission of ultrasonic waves; then determine if said border data satisfy evaluation conditions, such that it is in a first detecting parking space then obstacle state, or in a first detecting obstacle then parking space state. Wherein, in case that any of evaluation conditions is satisfied, start to calculate a first difference between each of said border data and their average, to determine if it is grater than a standard deviation; in case that answer is positive, fetch at least two data points, a first data point and a second data point, corresponding to border data, then calculate their difference to adjust weights of first data point and second data point, in obtaining a highly accurate parking space.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode apparatus includes a light-emitting diode, a first package layer provided over the light-emitting diode, and a second package layer provided over the first package layer. The first package layer is dosed with phosphor. The second package layer is not dosed with any phosphor. The second package layer is formed with a textured light-emitting surface.

Abstract: A vehicle collision avoidance system is implemented in a host vehicle. A wireless communication module in the host vehicles wirelessly broadcasts vehicle information packages of the host vehicle and receives external vehicle information packages from other neighboring vehicles. Based on the received vehicle information packages, a collision avoidance process is performed. The process has steps of mapping coordinates system, categorizing collision zones, determining whether a possible collision position exists, calculating a collision time and outputting warning messages. The estimations of the possible collision position and the collision time are not affected by the positions of the neighboring vehicles. Therefore, the neighboring vehicles approaching the host vehicle from different direction are effectively monitored.

Abstract: An automatic parallel parking device includes an ultrasonic positioning module and a central controlling unit. The ultrasonic positioning module includes a plurality of ultrasonic sensor units disposed at different locations of the vehicle, and a computation unit. Each of the ultrasonic sensor units detects a distance to each of the first obstacle and the second obstacle. The computation unit has a pre-established space positioning matrix and pre-established approximate coordinate data, and estimates a first actual coordinate position of the first obstacle and a second actual coordinate position of the second obstacle based on the distances detected by the ultrasonic sensor units. The central controlling unit is coupled to the ultrasonic positioning module. The central controlling unit has a pre-established parking path algorithm and a pre-established minimal parking space.

Abstract: A vehicle collision avoidance system is implemented in a host vehicle. A wireless communication module in the host vehicles wirelessly broadcasts vehicle information packages of the host vehicle and receives external vehicle information packages from other neighboring vehicles. Based on the received vehicle information packages, a collision avoidance process is performed. The process has steps of mapping coordinates system, categorizing collision zones, determining whether a possible collision position exists, calculating a collision time and outputting warning messages. The estimations of the possible collision position and the collision time are not affected by the positions of the neighboring vehicles. Therefore, the neighboring vehicles approaching the host vehicle from different direction are effectively monitored.