Abstract: A controller-implemented method and system for operating a multi-level bridge power converter connected to a power grid in a fault-tolerant operational mode, the power converter including a first converter coupled to a DC link, the first converter comprising a plurality of switching devices. The method and system determine an on/off scheme for the switching devices in the first converter when one or more of the switching devices has failed in a shorted state, wherein the on/off scheme is dependent upon phase current direction through the first converter. The phase current direction is indirectly determined by sensing a pole voltage of the first converter and implementing the on/off scheme in the fault-tolerant mode when the pole voltage changes from zero to a +/?value indicating that the phase current through the first converter has switched direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides novel synthetic process for the preparation of venetoclax. The disclosed processes involve the use of novel intermediates. Processes for the preparation of these intermediates are also disclosed as well as methods for the preparation of particularly useful salts thereof.