Abstract: A server according to an embodiment includes a processor configured to receive a friend add request for a target account from a user terminal accessed with a user account; based on one of the user account and the target account being a protected account, transmit an approval request for the friend add request to a protector account connected to the protected account; and based on receiving a reply to the approval request from the protector terminal, add the target account to a friend list of the user account.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: We have discovered a new method to treat biomass with alkali, for example lime. The lime and lignin was sufficiently removed from the treated biomass b> squeezing with a high pressure device to remove alkali and other potential inhibitors of the cellulase enzymes added for saccha?fication. The resulting fibrous material was rapidly solubilzed by cellulases, even at solid loads ranging from 10 to 30% (w/w) without inhibitory effects on the cellulase activity. The lime pretreatment removed lignin effectively and left the cellulose and hemicellulose almost intact. The method yielded a biomass with structure capable of being enzyme solubilzed and fermented readily at a solids loading of 10-30% for a production of ethanol.

Abstract: An oxidative solution (Ox-B, a solution of no less than 5:1 sodium hypochlorite: hydrogen peroxide) was found to remove both lignin and hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse. After treatment the cellulosic residue readily separated from the lignin and hemicellulose by sedimentation. The residue (the pulp) contained up to 80% by weight cellulose, and was easily degradable by cellulase enzyme. A treatment of oxidation with low concentrations of Ox-B, followed by a caustic wash, produced a cellulose residue that was able to be almost completely hydrolyzed to simple sugars by cellulase. Due to the low amount chemical used and the efficiency of the degradation, this process has commercial potential.

Abstract: An optical tunable filter has a fixed substrate having a first recess formed therein and a movable substrate bonded to the fixed substrate. The movable substrate includes a movable portion having an opening formed at a location facing the first recess and a support portion for supporting the movable portion so that the movable portion can be displaced. The optical tunable filter also has a light-transmittable substrate bonded to the movable portion, a fixed reflection film formed on a bottom of the first recess, and a movable reflection film formed on a surface of the light-transmittable substrate. The optical tunable filter includes an interference gap formed between the fixed reflection film and the movable reflection film. The optical tunable filter also includes an actuator operable to displace the movable portion relative to the fixed substrate.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: An oxidative solution (Ox-B, a solution of no less than 5:1 sodium hypochlorite: hydrogen peroxide) was found to remove both lignin and hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse. After treatment the cellulosic residue readily separated from the lignin and hemicellulose by sedimentation. The residue (the pulp) contained up to 80% by weight cellulose, and was easily degradable by cellulase enzyme. A treatment of oxidation with low concentrations of Ox-B, followed by a caustic wash, produced a cellulose residue that was able to be almost completely hydrolyzed to simple sugars by cellulase. Due to the low amount chemical used and the efficiency of the degradation, this process has commercial potential.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic mode converting method between an audio mode and a hands-free mode for a hands-free built-in car audio system of which a car audio function is organically combined with a hands-free function, in which the mode changing is carried out, depending on whether there is a voice signal output from a mobile phone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic mode converting method between an audio mode and a hands-free mode for a hands-free built-in car audio system of which a car audio function is organically combined with a hands-free function, in which the mode changing is carried out, depending on whether there is a voice signal output from a mobile phone.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of &agr;-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an &agr;-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated nucleic acid constructs comprising a plant strong constitutive promoter operably linked to a heterologous nucleic acid which encodes a desired polypeptide in transgenic plant tissues. Said constructs are capable of conferring the highest expression of the desired polypeptides in plant root tissue and plant leaf tissue when used as a construct for a heterologous coding sequence in chimeric gene. After any chimeric gene can be linked to said construct, the resulting vector can be introduced into plant tissues, thereby intentionally modifying plants and making the resulting plants produce foreign substances therein.

Abstract: A method of narrow search for books on the Internet is disclosed. In response to a search term entered by a customer, a vendor's database is searched. The result of the search is stored in a narrow database. The customer may enter another narrow search term to further narrow down the search. In response to the narrow search term entered by the customer, the vendor's narrow database is searched. The result of the search is stored in the narrow database. The customer may again enter another narrow search term to further narrow down the search. The process is repeated until either the narrow database is exhausted or a desired book is located.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleotide and peptide sequences of an isolated cDNA coding for sunflower farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, a key enzyme for the structurally diverse class of isoprenoid biosynthetic metabolites. The present invention also provides the recombinant plant expression vector comprising said nucleotide sequences and for the host cell into which said DNA sequence in the recombinant plant expression vector has been introduced to produce transgenic tobacco plants. Transgenic plants expressing heterologous farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase show 2-fold increase in seed production, higher chlorophyll contents in leaves as compared to non-transgenic or control vector-transformed tobacco plants. The expression vector for the sunflower farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene, herein designated pCIP-sfps, has been deposited with the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Korean Collection for Type Cultures (K.C.T.C.) designation number KCTC 0520BP, having been deposited on Sep.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 9-hydroxypheophorbide-a derivative, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or acid addition salt used for photodynamic therapy represented by following formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 is each independently hydrogen, C1˜C6 linear or branched alkyl, or C3˜C8 aryl.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated nucleic acid constructs comprising a plant strong constitutive promoter operably linked to a heterologous nucleic acid which encodes a desired polypeptide in transgenic plant tissues. Said constructs are capable of conferring the highest expression of the desired polypeptides in plant root tissue and plant leaf tissue when used as a construct for a heterologous coding sequence in chimeric gene. After any chimeric gene can be linked to said construct, the resulting vector can be introduced into plant tissues, thereby intentionally modifying plants and making the resulting plants produce foreign substances therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides transgenic plants and plant cells thereof which have been transformed with the soybean calmodulin isoform (SCaM5) gene to exhibit greatly enhanced resistance to a wide spectrum of plant pathogens. The present invention also provides the expression vector containing SCaM5 gene and to host cells into which the gene in the expression vector has been introduced to plant pathogens-resistant plants. Transgenic plants expressing a heterologous SCaM5 gene show increased resistance to fungi, bacteria and viruses which normally infect the plants.