Abstract: Proposed is a precursor composition for forming a metal film including a zirconium compound represented by any one of Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 and a hafnium compound represented by any one of Chemical Formulas 4 to 6.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) test device such as a spectrum analyzer may include an RF attenuator to attenuate a received RF signal; a mixer to down-convert the attenuated RF signal; an IF attenuator to attenuate the down-converted signal; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to digitize the attenuated, down-converted signal; and a processor, which may select attenuation values for one or more of the RF attenuator and the IF attenuator based on an error magnitude vector (EVM) analysis, an RF signal type, and/or a signal level at an input of the ADC. The processor may use a look-up table for the selection. Initial attenuation values may be selected based on an expected RF signal type, RF signal frequency, and/or RF signal bandwidth. The attenuation values may also be selected in an iterative manner stepping the attenuation values up or down.

Abstract: An optical wireless communication apparatus includes: a modulator for generating a reference signal including periodically repeating binary zeros and ones, receiving an input of a first binary data signal, and outputting a second binary data signal, wherein the second binary data signal has the same frequency as the reference signal, and has the same phase as the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary zeros and has an opposite phase to the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary ones, or has the same phase as the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary ones and has an opposite phase to the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary zeros, and a transmitter for turning a first light source on or off according to the reference signal, and turning a second light source on or off according to the second binary data signal.

Abstract: A DSM-PSK optical wireless transmission method includes the steps of: receiving a binary data signal, allowing a modulator to convert the binary data signal into a global phase shift signal, generating a reference signal group including M number of pulse signals having the same period, the same duty ratio of d/M, mutually different phases, and a determined sequence, generating a data signal group including M number of pulse signals having a determined sequence, the pulse signals having been obtained by phase-shifting the reference signal group according to the global phase shift signal, flickering each light source of a reference light source group including M number of light sources having a determined sequence, according to each pulse signal of the reference signal group, and flickering each light source of a data light source group including M number of light sources having a determined sequence, according to each pulse signal of the data signal group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image sensor communication (ISC) system and method for enabling communication between an LED and a rolling shutter camera using a rolling shutter modulation method. The image sensor communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a coding unit for coding transmission data to be transmitted; an LED which is turned on/off according to the transmission data coded in the coding unit; a rolling shutter camera for continuously photographing, at each of a plurality of rows in a rolling shutter manner, on/off images according to the on/off of the LED; an image processing unit for generating brightness signals according to brightness values of the on/off images of the LED photographed at each of the plurality of rows by the rolling shutter camera; and a data extraction unit for extracting the transmission data from the brightness signals of the on/off images of the LED generated by the image processing unit.

Abstract: An optical wireless communication apparatus includes: a modulator for generating a reference signal including periodically repeating binary zeros and ones, receiving an input of a first binary data signal, and outputting a second binary data signal, wherein the second binary data signal has the same frequency as the reference signal, and has the same phase as the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary zeros and has an opposite phase to the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary ones, or has the same phase as the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary ones and has an opposite phase to the reference signal when the first binary data signal comprises binary zeros, and a transmitter for turning a first light source on or off according to the reference signal, and turning a second light source on or off according to the second binary data signal.

Abstract: A DSM-PSK optical wireless transmission method includes the steps of: receiving a binary data signal, allowing a modulator to convert the binary data signal into a global phase shift signal, generating a reference signal group including M number of pulse signals having the same period, the same duty ratio of d/M, mutually different phases, and a determined sequence, generating a data signal group including M number of pulse signals having a determined sequence, the pulse signals having been obtained by phase-shifting the reference signal group according to the global phase shift signal, flickering each light source of a reference light source group including M number of light sources having a determined sequence, according to each pulse signal of the reference signal group, and flickering each light source of a data light source group including M number of light sources having a determined sequence, according to each pulse signal of the data signal group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image sensor communication (ISC) system and method for enabling communication between an LED and a rolling shutter camera using a rolling shutter modulation method. The image sensor communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a coding unit for coding transmission data to be transmitted; an LED which is turned on/off according to the transmission data coded in the coding unit; a rolling shutter camera for continuously photographing, at each of a plurality of rows in a rolling shutter manner, on/off images according to the on/off of the LED; an image processing unit for generating brightness signals according to brightness values of the on/off images of the LED photographed at each of the plurality of rows by the rolling shutter camera; and a data extraction unit for extracting the transmission data from the brightness signals of the on/off images of the LED generated by the image processing unit.