Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing a grilled seaweed includes the apparatus comprising a grilling unit having a first housing with a first inlet opening and a first outlet opening which communicate with each other; a first conveyor for transferring a sheet of seaweed from the first inlet opening to the first outlet opening; a first heating source installed over the first conveyor to discharge a flame onto a top surface of the seaweed being transferred by the first conveyor; and a second heating source installed on both sides of a lower portion of the first conveyor to apply a flame onto a bottom surface of the seaweed being transferred by the first conveyor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pollution measurement apparatus which measures a pollutant concentration and a pollutant component in gas, and more particularly a pollution measurement apparatus for easily exchanging a sensor, which can facilely exchange only desired sensors when it is required to exchange part of multiple sensors for sensing pollution.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of a hard disk drive system includes: providing a base circuit board having a shock sensor and vibration sensors thereon; electrically connecting translational shock detect circuitry directly to the shock sensor for transmission of a translational shock signal; electrically connecting rapid off track shock detection circuitry to the vibration sensors for transmission of a rotation based shock signal; and electrically connecting shock aggregation circuitry to the translational shock signal and the rotation based shock signal for transmission of a composite shock indicator.

Abstract: A hard disk drive that includes a disk with servo bits. The hard disk drive also includes a central processing unit that performs a servo routine using the servo bits, and a separate a notch hardware engine that is utilize by the central processing unit to perform a notch filter function in the servo routine. Off-loading the notch filter function onto a hardware engine reduces the overhead on the central processing unit when performing a servo routine. Utilizing the notch hardware engine can improve the speed of the central processing unit by a factor of 10×.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that controls a voice coil motor. The circuit provides a driving current to the voice coil motor to move a head of the drive in a seek routine. The seek routine includes a computation of a driving current that is a function of a feedforward zero phase error tracking algorithm. Utilizing the feedforward zero phase error tracking algorithm can reduce the seek time of the drive.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that can perform a seek routine by providing a seek current to a voice coil motor. The voice coil motor is coupled to a head that is coupled to a disk. The seek current provides a predetermined number of harmonics. The number of harmonics is a function of a seek length of the seek routine. By way of example, the seek current may include only a first harmonic for seek lengths less than 20,000 tracks, or only the first and second harmonics for seeks less than 40,000 tracks. The harmonics can be determined by plotting PES settle versus seek length for a hard disk drive.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that can perform a seek routine by providing a seek current to a voice coil motor. The voice coil motor is coupled to a head that is coupled to a disk. The seek current provides a predetermined number of harmonics. The number of harmonics is a function of a seek length of the seek routine. By way of example, the seek current may include only a first harmonic for seek lengths less than 20,000 tracks, or only the first and second harmonics for seeks less than 40,000 tracks. The harmonics can be determined by plotting PES settle versus seek length for a hard disk drive.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a controller that determines a position error signal gain. The position error signal gain is determined from a total servo loop gain and a function that is defined by a slope of a line of A and B servo bits measured at N off-track positions. The function determines an actual plant gain and thus provides a more accurate position error signal gain.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a voice coil motor coupled to a head. The disk drive includes a circuit that provides a drive current with a sinusoidal waveform to the voice coil motor during an unload routine. The back emf of the voice coil motor can be determined during a sample period when the current is essentially zero. There is no need to perform a resistance calibration. This reduces the time needed to unload the head.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include: a hard disk drive using a read track to position for writing to a write track and generating a position error signal (PES) based upon all four servo offset bursts used to disable writing when the PES exceeds a position error threshold; a preamplifier generating the PES from four bursts from a slider reading the read track to position when the write track is to be written, and methods of writing the write track using PES from four bursts of the read track that disables writing when the PES is above the position error threshold.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that provides a control signal to a voice coil motor to move a head across a disk of the drive. The drive includes a flex circuit that applies a bias force onto an actuator arm coupled to the head. The circuit includes a state estimator that provides a plurality of estimation errors and a bias estimator that creates a bias estimate. The bias estimate includes an average of the estimation errors and is a function of the flex circuit bias force. The bias estimate is used to create the control signal provided to the voice coil motor. The bias estimate reduces seek time during a seek routine.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a voice coil motor coupled to a head. The disk drive includes a circuit that provides a drive current with a sinusoidal waveform to the voice coil motor during an unload routine. The back emf of the voice coil motor can be determined during a sample period when the current is essentially zero. There is no need to perform a resistance calibration. This reduces the time needed to unload the head.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a controller that determines a position error signal gain. The position error signal gain is determined from a total servo loop gain and a function that is defined by a slope of a line of A and B servo bits measured at N off-track positions. The function determines an actual plant gain and thus provides a more accurate position error signal gain.

Abstract: A hard disk drive that includes a voice coil motor controlled by a servo. The servo provides a driving signal that has multiple sinusoidal waveforms. The multi-sinusoidal waveforms minimize seek time and vibrations in the drive.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include: a hard disk drive using a read track to position for writing to a write track and generating a position error signal (PES) based upon all four servo offset bursts used to disable writing when the PES exceeds a position error threshold; a preamplifier generating the PES from four bursts from a slider reading the read track to position when the write track is to be written, and methods of writing the write track using PES from four bursts of the read track that disables writing when the PES is above the position error threshold.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that provides a control signal to a voice coil motor to move a head across a disk. The circuit includes a repeatable run-out estimator in a feed forward control loop to control the movement of the head. The repeatable run-out estimator compensates for a constant bias torque disturbance in the drive.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a voice coil motor circuit that provides a current to a voice coil motor to perform a seek routine in a seek time. The disk drive includes a temperature sensor to sense a temperature of the disk drive and a voltage sensor to sense the voltage of the voice coil motor. The circuit adjust the seek time dependent upon the sensed temperature and voltage. By way of example, the circuit will increase the seek time if there is an increase in temperature and/or a decrease in voltage.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that provides a control signal to a voice coil motor to move a head across a disk. The disk drive includes a circuit that provides a control signal to the voice coil motor to move the head. The circuit also has a state predictor and an inversion filter that compute a vibration estimate used to detect a vibration in the drive. When a threshold vibration is detected a vibration estimate is combined with the control signal to compensate for the vibration. The circuit detects the vibration without the need for an accelerometer or other sensor.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a circuit that provides a control signal to a voice coil motor to move a head across a disk of a drive. The circuit includes a state estimator that provides a plurality of state estimates and a disturbance estimator that provides a disturbance estimate that is combined with the state estimates to define the control signal. The disturbance estimator compensates for flex cable disturbances, particularly during a settle mode of a seek routine.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a servo circuit that provides a control signal to a voice coil motor to perform a servo to align a head with a disk track of the drive. The servo circuit includes a fifth order state estimator that provides five estimates that are used to create the control signal. The fifth order state estimator may incorporate a first flexible mode of the voice coil motor to calculate the estimates.