Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for configuring an MMT payload header. The apparatus for configuring an MMT payload header, according to one embodiment, extracts a sequence number of a media processing unit (MPU) comprising one or a plurality of media fragment units, which are to be aggregated into one payload and mapped, and displays the extracted sequence number of the MPU on the MMT payload header. Specifically, the apparatus for configuring an MMT payload header displays the sequence number commonly associated with a plurality of MFUs on the header only once, when the plurality of MFUs in one payload are aggregated in the one payload and mapped.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for managing an MMT buffer model using a reception quality feedback (RQF) message from an MMT reception entity, comprising the steps of: receiving, from an MMT transmission entity, a measurement configuration (MC) message; measuring maximum transmission delay and minimum transmission delay, according to a request by the MC message that is received; renewing an RQF message including the maximum transmission delay and minimum transmission delay that have been measured; and transmitting the renewed RQF message to the MMT transmission entity.

Abstract: A prediction mode determining method in scalable video coding based on a structure of multiple layers is provided. The prediction mode determining method includes: deriving a coded block pattern (CBP) value of a luma component for a 16×16 mode of an encoding target picture; determining first candidate modes for the encoding target picture according to the derived CPB value; and determining a final prediction mode for the encoding target picture based on the determined first candidate modes. According to the present invention, encoding efficiency may be improved, and complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: In a reactor for solid ammonium salt, a method of controlling the reactor, and a NOx emission purification system using solid ammonium salt and selective catalytic reduction, the reactor includes a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber has an exhaust and a first heating element. Solid ammonium salt is in the first chamber. The second chamber has a second heating element and is formed at a side of the first chamber. The first chamber is connected with the second chamber. Solid ammonium salt is in the second chamber. An amount of the solid ammonium salt in the second chamber is more than that in the first chamber, so that the first chamber is heated and cooled faster than the second chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a multi-angle viewing service, in which main broadcast content is transmitted to a main terminal and multi-angle content are transmitted to a personal terminal, are disclosed. The apparatus for providing a multi-angle viewing service includes an encoder unit configured to receive videos captured at a plurality of different angles from a plurality of cameras, and to generate a plurality of elementary streams, a broadcast transmission unit configured to transmit broadcast content generated based on the plurality of elementary streams through a broadcasting network, and a multi-angle streaming unit configured to generate a plurality of pieces of multi-angle content corresponding to the broadcast content based on the plurality of elementary streams, and to transmit one of the plurality of pieces of multi-angle content to a personal terminal through a network based on a request signal from the personal terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for transmitting packets in an MPEG Media Transport (MMT) system, including: an MMT packetizing unit recording standard time information related to a media access unit for providing synchronization of the media access unit and generating MMT packets; and a transmission unit transmitting the generated MMT packets to the recipient side. Accordingly, synchronization between different media can be provided in a hybrid transmission environment where media streams belonging to one program are transmitted from different servers.

Abstract: In a multi-angle view processing apparatus, main-view data and at least one multi-angle view datum are received and processed through via one identical apparatus, and the main-view data and the at least one multi-angle view datum are separated into main images and sub images to be separately provided to different apparatuses, and as a result, seamless multi-angle view images selected by a user may be viewed with optimal resolution.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Media Transport (MMT) signaling message for Measurement Configuration (MC) processing in an MMT sending entity. The method includes generating an MC message with header information by setting a measurement mode (measurement_mode), which indicates information on a measurement start time (measurement_start_time) of a measurement item in an MMT receiving entity, to one of: an immediate measurement start, a measurement start at a predetermined time, a measurement start based on a predetermined condition, and an immediate measurement stop; and transmitting an MMT packet including the generated MC message to an MMT receiving entity.

Abstract: A multilingual audio service supporting system and a method thereof which allow multiple viewers using different languages to watch the same TV program based on a multiplatform. The system may include a content data providing device, a multilingual audio data providing device, a content image output device, and a multilingual audio output device. Audios in various languages, in time synchronization with main content, are provided through multilingual audio output devices in the vicinity to the content image output device, so that new broadcast-associated multilingual audio services can be provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a social network service device. The social network service device includes a message processing unit which receives, from a common smart device, an identifier of a user group which uses the common smart device, and information of a personal smart device which is connected to the common smart device for a multi-screen service, and a social network establishment unit which establishes a social network between common smart devices by modeling a relation between the user group and a user who uses the personal smart device, and a relation between the common smart device and the personal smart device, using the information of the personal smart device, based on the identifier of the user group.

Abstract: An apparatus for requesting retransmission of a lost packet, based on MPEG media transport (MTT) system, may include a packet receiver configured to receive an MPEG media transport (MMT) packet stream from an MMT sending entity; a message generator configured to generate an automatic repeat request (ARQ) feedback (AF) signaling message that includes a packet identifier (ID) that has been assigned to a lost packet; and a message sender configured to transmit the generated AF signaling message to the MMT sending entity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for estimating network jitter, which has the effect of more precisely estimating network jitter by using time information corresponding to a transmission time, which is transmitted from a transport layer in a transmitting end to a receiving end.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving media data, which can provide D-layer timing information, which is transmitted from a media transmission service based on an MMT system and required for timely synchronization playout time of the media and media. The apparatus for transmitting the media data comprises a packetizer for generating a delivery layer packet (D-layer packet), which packetizes encapsulation layer data (E-layer data) to include timing information, wherein the timing information comprises sampling time information and transmission process delay information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adaptive layer selection and a server having the same are provided. The adaptive layer selecting apparatus includes a monitoring unit monitoring a connection state of at least one channel connected through a communication network, a channel managing unit detecting available channels to be used for providing a service based on a result of the monitoring, and a layer managing unit determining the number of adaptive layers to be used for encoding based on bandwidths of changed available channels when the number of the available channels is changed.

Abstract: A data transmission method is disclosed. A data transmission method for at least one machine type communication (MTC) device constituting an MTC group includes receiving an attach request from the MTC device; determining whether the attach request is a first attach request from the MTC group; and if it is determined that the attach request is a first attach request from the MTC group, establishing a downlink tunnel and an uplink tunnel to be used for data transmission and reception between a GW and a base station using an MTC group identity.

Abstract: A transport system for a hybrid 3D content service is provided. This system includes: an SVC encoder configured to encode 3D content of a left image and a right image, and a hybrid network transmission streaming module configured to transmit a base layer (BL) stream from among scalable bitstreams encoded by the SVC encoder to a client system through a broadcasting network, and to transmit an enhancement layer (EL) stream to the client system through an Internet network.

Abstract: A multi-network environment adaptive media streaming method and apparatus. The method of transmitting media streaming includes encoding content to generate media data consisting of a plurality of layers; separating the generated media data into layers; and transmitting the media data separated into layers to a media receiving apparatus in a streaming format over a plurality of networks.

Abstract: A prediction mode determining method in scalable video coding based on a structure of multiple layers is provided. The prediction mode determining method includes: deriving a coded block pattern (CBP) value of a luma component for a 16×16 mode of an encoding target picture; determining first candidate modes for the encoding target picture according to the derived CPB value; and determining a final prediction mode for the encoding target picture based on the determined first candidate modes. According to the present invention, encoding efficiency may be improved, and complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: A scalable video coding apparatus and method for realistic broadcasting are provided. The scalable video coding apparatus may include a spatial scalable coding unit to perform intra-view predictive coding in base layers of a color image and a depth image and prediction in enhancement layers by referencing motion information of the base layer, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scalable coding unit to perform coding using quantization which is a method for SNR scalability of the color image, and a motion estimation device to code the base layer of the depth image using the motion information of the base layer of the color image as prediction data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing iopromide which is used as a contrast agent for X-ray, wherein 5-methoxyacetylamino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (2,3-diacetoxypropyl)amide chloride of formula (19) and 5-methoxyacetylamino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid [(2,3-dihydroxy-N-methylpropyl)-(2,3-diacetoxypropyl)]diamide of formula (20) are introduced as intermediates, by which a bismer by-product generated during the preparation process can be removed even without an additional removal procedure and thus iopromide with high purity can be prepared in high yield.