Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: A portable air flow apparatus may include a base configured to be seated on a surface, a head comprising a suction inlet through which air is suctioned into the head and a discharge outlet through which the air suctioned in through the suction inlet is discharged, the suction inlet and the discharge outlet being horizontally spaced apart from each other at a right angle with respect to a vertical direction, and a column that connects the head and the base in such a manner that the head is vertically spaced from the base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method of signal transmission/reception by a mobile station in a wireless communication system. The method includes: transmitting a first sub-band preparation indicator, which indicates that the mobile station has been prepared for transmission/reception of a signal through a first sub-band, to a base station through a primary band; transmitting a first sub-band failure indicator to the base station through the primary band upon detecting failure in transmitting the first sub-band preparation indicator; receiving sub-band information on a second sub-band, which is different from the first sub-band, from the BS through the primary band; and acquiring synchronization with the second sub-band, so as to enable transmission/reception of a signal through the second sub-band based on the sub-band information.

Abstract: A method for allocating resources by a Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes determining use/nonuse of each of a plurality of Resource Blocks (RBs), which are allocated using a persistent allocation scheme, and transmitting resource allocation information indicating use/nonuse of each of the plurality of RBs to a plurality of Mobile Stations (MSs) according to a result of the determination.

Abstract: An upper node is provided for use in a wireless communication system using a relay scheme. The upper node includes means for transmitting, upon a request of a lower relay station for an initial connection of the lower relay station, downlink section information for communication with the lower relay station for a relay service to the lower relay station; and means for transmitting, after the initial connection with the lower relay station, frame configuration information for communication with the lower relay station for a relay service to the lower relay station through the downlink section. The downlink section information includes configuration information of the downlink section for communication with the lower relay station for a relay service.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating resources in a wireless communication system is provided. A Base Station (BS) allocates persistent resources in a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) region to a Mobile Station (MS), changes a location of the HARQ region, changes location of persistent resources in the HARQ region to location of persistent resources in a new HARQ region, and allocates the persistent resource to the MS. The new HARQ region is the location-changed HARQ region.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing resources for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) communication in a wireless communication system. A mobile station (MS) attempting to establish P2P communication receives a P2P amble signal transmitted on at least one adjacent P2P link, measures a signal strength for the P2P amble signal, reports the measurement results to a base station (BS), and performs the P2P communication using a P2P resource that is assigned by the BS according to the measurement results. The BS assigns a resource different from the resource assigned to a P2P link having a highest signal strength measured, as a resource for the P2P communication, thereby preventing possible interference caused by adjacent P2P links.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for operating a base station and a mobile station in a communication system are provided. The operation of the base station includes persistently allocating resources to at least one mobile station and transmitting, in a current frame, a control information message including a change counter flag indicating whether persistent resource allocation information, transmitted in a previous frame, is changed. An operation of the mobile station includes receiving a control information message, including a change counter flag indicating whether persistent resource allocation information included in a control information message transmitted in a previous frame is changed, from a base station in a current frame and checking a value of the change counter flag.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for selectively using a frame structure adequate for a system environment in a multihop relay wireless communication system are provided. The method includes generating a control signal including the frame information; and transmitting the control signal to a child Relay Station (RS). Accordingly, the frame structure adequate for the system environment can be used, and the transmission delay and the tradeoff between the overheads in each frame structure can be freely selected.

Abstract: A method provides data communication while a Base Station (BS) is disrupted in a wireless communication system. The method includes, when a plurality of Mobile Stations (MSs) receive a preamble signal from a cluster header through a dedicated control channel while the BS is disrupted, sending a message requesting cluster member subscription to the cluster header, in the cluster header, including the plurality of MSs in a cluster member, configuring a cluster member list, and broadcasting the cluster member list, in a source MS among the plurality of MSs, sending a data transmission request message to the cluster header using the broadcasted cluster member list, in the cluster header, one of unicasting and broadcasting a response message for the data transmission request of the source MS, and, in the source MS, transmitting data to a target MS among the plurality of MSs based on the response message.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for persistent allocation in a wireless communication system are provided. An operation method of a Base Station (BS) includes determining if decoding information for one or more persistent allocations assigned to one or more corresponding Mobile Stations (MSs) is updated, if the decoding information is updated, generating a signaling message to signal the update of the decoding information, and transmitting the signaling message through a DL MAP. The signaling message includes an R_CID and ACID associated with at least one persistent allocation to which the updated decoding information is to be applied.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for allocating a dedicated access zone to a Relay Station (RS) in a multihop relay Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) communication system are provided. A communicating method of the RS includes relaying communications between a Base Station (BS) and a Mobile Station (MS), determining whether a dedicated resource is necessary for the communications with the MS, when the dedicated resource is necessary, generating a dedicated access zone request message which comprises necessary bandwidth information and transmitting the dedicated access zone request message to the BS.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting control information to a Relay Station (RS) in a multi-hop relay broadband wireless communication system is disclosed. The apparatus includes a generator, a controller, and a communication unit. The generator generates control information to be transmitted to a lower RS. The controller controls and transmits the control information during a first relay link transmission interval among at least one relay link transmission interval distributed within a frame. The communication unit transmits the control information to the lower RS.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method of signal transmission/reception by a mobile station in a wireless communication system. The method includes: transmitting a first sub-band preparation indicator, which indicates that the mobile station has been prepared for transmission/reception of a signal through a first sub-band, to a base station through a primary band; transmitting a first sub-band failure indicator to the base station through the primary band upon detecting failure in transmitting the first sub-band preparation indicator; receiving sub-band information on a second sub-band, which is different from the first sub-band, from the BS through the primary band; and acquiring synchronization with the second sub-band, so as to enable transmission/reception of a signal through the second sub-band based on the sub-band information.

Abstract: Data retransmission apparatus and method in a wireless relay communication system are provided. It is checked whether an Acknowledgement (ACK) message or a Negative ACK (NACK) message for data is received from a Relay Station (RS), which receives the data from a Mobile Station (MS). Scheduling information for transmitting the data is transmitted to the RS, when the ACK message is received from the RS. Errors are checked for in of the data, when the data is received from the RS. The RS is requested to retransmit the data, when the data has an error. Accordingly, since the RS retransmits only the error-free data to the BS, the BS can enhance the data reliability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method of signal transmission/reception by a mobile station in a wireless communication system. The method includes: transmitting a first sub-band preparation indicator, which indicates that the mobile station has been prepared for transmission/reception of a signal through a first sub-band, to a base station through a primary band; transmitting a first sub-band failure indicator to the base station through the primary band upon detecting failure in transmitting the first sub-band preparation indicator; receiving sub-band information on a second sub-band, which is different from the first sub-band, from the BS through the primary band; and acquiring synchronization with the second sub-band, so as to enable transmission/reception of a signal through the second sub-band based on the sub-band information.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for sending a control information for retransmission in a multihop relay wireless communication system are provided. Data received from a lower node is checked for errors. The data is transmitted to an upper node, when the data has no errors. When two or more information, which include at least one of Acknowledgement (ACK) and Negative ACK (NACK) in response to a data reception are received from one or more lower nodes, the two or more information are transmitted to the upper node at the same time. Accordingly, the RS can transmit the control information for the ARQ provided from the lower nodes, to the upper node at the same time.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for data retransmission in a multihop relay wireless communication system are provided. The retransmission method includes determining whether an error is detected in data received from an upper node; generating a message indicative of the data error; and sending the message to the upper node at a time that is not appointed with the upper node. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a retransmission delay time that occurs during synchronous retransmission.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving system information in a wireless communication system with a hierarchical cell structure are provided. A method for transmitting system information in a micro Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system in which at least one micro cell exists within a macro cell includes transmitting first system information to a Mobile Station (MS) communicating with a macro BS within a micro cell and an MS communicating with a micro BS within the micro cell, and transmitting second system information to the MS communicating with the micro BS within the micro cell.

Abstract: Apparatuses of a base station and terminal in a wireless communication system and their operating methods are provided. An operating method of a base station in a broadband wireless communication system includes determining whether to relocate at least one persistently allocated resource, when it is determined to relocate the at least one persistently allocated resource, relocating the at least one persistently allocated resource, generating a resource relocation Information Element (IE) indicative of the resource relocation using an offset of a Resource Block (RB), and transmitting the resource relocation IE.