Abstract: The present invention relates to a medium composition for culture of extraembryonic endoderm stem cells, and more specifically, to a medium composition for in vitro culture of extraembryonic endoderm stem cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an information exchange method and device for digital twin federation. A method for transmitting and receiving information for digital twin federation by digital twin according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise: transmitting a message related to the digital twin federation to a component of the digital twin federal; and receiving a response to the message. Herein, the component of the digital twin federation may correspond to one or more of another digital twin, a registry, or a communication adapter. The message may include a header area and a data area, and the data area may include object information related to at least one of the digital twin or the component of the digital twin federation and action information indicating an operation related to the digital twin federation.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided and may include a semiconductor substrate having a surface and including trench, the trench extending from the surface into the semiconductor substrate, an insulating pattern provided in the trench; and a doped region in the semiconductor substrate and on the insulating patterns. The doped region includes a side portion on a side surface of the insulating pattern, and a bottom portion on a bottom surface of the insulating pattern. A thickness of the side portion of the doped region is from 85% to 115% of a thickness of the bottom portion of the doped region, and a number of dopants per unit area in the side portion of the doped region is from 85% to 115% of a number of dopants per unit area in the bottom portion.

Abstract: A medium composition for culturing porcine pluripotent stem cells is disclosed. The medium composition suitable for culturing porcine pluripotent stem cells can maintain the pluropotency and stemness of porcine pluripotent stem cells in vitro for an extended period of time and allows stem cells to be cultured in a feeder cell-free manner.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate region having a photoelectric conversion region and a floating diffusion region therein. The floating diffusion region is configured to receive charges generated in the photoelectric conversion region in response to light incident the photoelectric conversion region. First and second horizontal conductive lines are provided that extend on the substrate region, but at different heights relative to a surface of the substrate region. The first horizontal conductive line is electrically connected to the floating diffusion region and has a thickness smaller than a thickness of the second horizontal conductive line. In addition, the first horizontal conductive line extends closer to the substrate region than the second horizontal conductive line.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array in which pixels having photoelectric conversion elements are arranged in a matrix, color filters corresponding to the pixels and configured to selectively transmit light of at least two different wavelength bands, and microlenses on the color filters. At least some of the microlenses may have different shapes depending on respective wavelength bands that respective corresponding color filters at least partially overlapping with the at least some microlenses are configured to selectively transmit, such that the at least some microlenses are configured to compensate for chromatic aberration between the lights passing through the respective corresponding color filters.

Abstract: A dual vertical transfer gate, a transistor including the same, and a CMOS image sensing device including the same. In some embodiments, a gate of the dual vertical transfer transistor may include a pair of poles, which are extended to an n-type region of a photodiode, and a connecting portion, which connects the paired poles to each other. A first insulating pattern may be provided between the poles and on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a composition including a fraction of the Syzygium formosum extract as an active ingredient, which inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines to prevent, ameliorate, or treat inflammation disease, and when the composition is included in cosmetics, the prepared cosmetics may have high stability.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to inotodiol as a liver X receptor agonist and use thereof for the treatment of a liver X receptor-mediated disease. Inotodiol according to an aspect, or a prodrug thereof has LXR?-specific agonist activity, and thus not only has remarkable safety compared to other LXR agonists, but can also be effectively used in the treatment of LXR-related diseases, such as a neurodegenerative brain disease, an autoimmune disease, NASH, and NAFLD.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing a functional polysaccharide, the method including: preparing a cell containing a polysaccharide; crushing the cell to extract polysaccharide to the outside of the cell to obtain an extract; and purifying the extract by removing at least one of crude protein, crude fat, and crude powder from the extract, and a cosmetic composition for skin moisturizing or skin elasticity improvement, the cosmetic composition including the functional polysaccharide as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for a digital twin-based carbon emission management. A method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: transmitting a request for information on a price of carbon emission credits; receiving a response including information on the price of the carbon emission credits; performing a simulation for carbon emission transaction and equipment operation based on the received price of the carbon emission credits and a digital twin for equipment operation; transmitting a request for carbon transaction according to the price of the carbon emission credits, based on a result of the simulation; and completing the carbon transaction by receiving a response to the request for the carbon transaction.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate, a pixel isolation pattern in the substrate and defining unit pixel regions in the substrate, color filters on the substrate and corresponding to the unit pixel regions, respectively, a low-refractive index pattern between adjacent color filters of the color filters to at least partially isolate the adjacent color filters from direct contact with each other, an insulating structure between the substrate and the color filters, and a light blocking pattern vertically overlapping with the pixel isolation pattern. The light blocking pattern is within the insulating structure and is isolated from direct contact with the low-refractive index pattern.

Abstract: An image sensor including: a semiconductor substrate including a plurality of pixel regions; an anti-reflection layer on the semiconductor substrate; color filters provided on the anti-reflection layer and in the pixel regions; and a fence structure disposed between adjacent ones of the color filters, wherein the fence structure includes: a lower portion penetrating the anti-reflection layer; an upper portion on the anti-reflection layer; and an intermediate portion between the lower portion and the upper portion, wherein the fence structure has undercut regions, which are provided at both sides of the intermediate portion and are between the upper portion of the fence structure and a top surface of the anti-reflection layer.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for skin whitening, including a Syzygium formosum extract as an active ingredient. The Syzygium formosum extract has excellent tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and thus can be usefully used as a cosmetic composition for skin whitening or a composition for preventing or alleviating melanin hyperpigmentation diseases. In addition, the Syzygium formosum extract has excellent antibacterial and antiatopic activities, thereby being useful as an antibacterial and antiatopic composition.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided and may include a semiconductor substrate having a surface and including trench, the trench extending from the surface into the semiconductor substrate, an insulating pattern provided in the trench and a doped region in the semiconductor substrate and on the insulating patterns. The doped region includes a side portion on a side surface of the insulating pattern, and a bottom portion on a bottom surface of the insulating pattern. A thickness of the side portion of the doped region is from 85% to 115% of a thickness of the bottom portion of the doped region, and a number of dopants per unit area in the side portion of the doped region is from 85% to 115% of a number of dopants per unit area in the bottom portion.

Abstract: A swirl chamber-type diesel engine includes a secondary combustion chamber assembly coupled to a cylinder head to define a secondary combustion chamber having, on an inner wall surface thereof, a curved swirl induction part, and a connecting passage formed at a lower end of the swirl induction part; and a piston defining a primary combustion chamber and including a trench part being in communication with the connecting passage, and clover parts formed at both sides of the trench part, in which a bottom surface of the clover part has a stereoscopic structure in which a height of a bottom surface in a second region, which is distant in a direction of a flow of the combustion gas at a predetermined distance from a first region into which the combustion gas is introduced from the trench part is greater than a height of a bottom surface in the first region.

Abstract: A swirl chamber-type diesel engine includes a secondary combustion chamber assembly coupled to a cylinder head to define a secondary combustion chamber having, on an inner wall surface thereof, a curved swirl induction part, and a connecting passage formed at a lower end of the swirl induction part, and a piston defining a primary combustion chamber and including a trench part being in communication with the connecting passage, and clover parts formed at both sides of the trench part, in which a guide structure is provided in the connecting passage, and the guide structure divides combustion gas, discharged from the secondary combustion chamber to the primary combustion chamber, into three portions and guides the combustion gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for recovering nickel and cobalt from a nickel, iron, and cobalt-containing raw material. According to the present invention, high concentrations of valuable metals, such as nickel and cobalt, can be recovered from a raw material containing nickel, iron, and cobalt, and especially, the concentrations of nickel and cobalt are low and the concentration of iron is high, and thus when nickel is leached, and relatively large amount of iron is leached, whereas a small amount of nickel is leached. Therefore, the present invention can be more suitably applied in the smelting of nickel ore in which the separation of iron and nickel is difficult.

Abstract: A medium composition for porcine pluripotent stem cells, containing bFGF, activin A, CHIR99021 and IWR-1 is disclosed. The composition is prepared from specific ingredients, excluding non-specific ingredients, thereby facilitating quality control, and thus is suitable for the study of porcine pluripotent stem cells. Also disclosed is a method for culturing, maintaining and preserving porcine pluripotent stem cells having the ability to form teratomas, by using the composition.

Abstract: A swirl chamber-type diesel engine includes a secondary combustion chamber assembly coupled to a cylinder head to define a secondary combustion chamber having, on an inner wall surface thereof, a curved swirl induction part, and a connecting passage formed at a lower end of the swirl induction part, and a piston defining a primary combustion chamber and including a trench part being in communication with the connecting passage, and clover parts formed at both sides of the trench part, in which a guide structure is provided in the connecting passage, and the guide structure divides combustion gas, discharged from the secondary combustion chamber to the primary combustion chamber, into three portions and guides the combustion gas.