Abstract: Encoding and decoding apparatuses and methods for implementing multi-mode coding are provided. The apparatus includes a transmitter and a receiver connected to a data bus. When data bursts are converted by the transmitter into codewords each including a plurality of symbols and/or a codeword received by the receiver is recovered as data bursts, maximum transition avoidance (MTA) codeword mappings in which no maximum transition (MT) event occurs between the plurality of symbols and minimum DC current (MDC) codeword mappings related to minimum power consumption of the plurality of symbols are used.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods including modular material controllers that combine amplification with logic, translation of input signals, and response tuning to directly and precisely program dramatic material size changes. In particular, the present disclosure provides locked gels having a polymer with a nucleic acid cross link and a nucleic acid lock in a locked conformation preventing the locked gel from reacting with other nucleic acid sequences and methods of unlocking the locked gels by adding a nucleic acid key to the locked gel or by changing an inactive nucleic acid key into an active nucleic acid key with a trigger.

Abstract: Described are a combinatorial library of DNA molecules that can induce shape changes within specific regions of hydrogels up to centimeter scales. The DNA molecules include polymerizing hairpins, terminating hairpins, reversal strands, and crosslink nucleic acid sequences.

Abstract: Described are a combinatorial library of DNA molecules that can induce shape changes within specific regions of hydrogels up to centimeter scales. The DNA molecules include polymerizing hairpins, terminating hairpins, reversal strands, and crosslink nucleic acid sequences.