Abstract: A video frame decoding method and apparatus in order to implement efficient and fast video decoding. The method includes acquiring a target time point of a video, obtaining a frame number of a corresponding random access frame according to the target time point, obtaining a frame number of a frame that can be independently decoded, where the dependency set includes at least one dependency, and the dependency represents a correspondence between a frame number of a random access frame and a frame number of a frame that can be independently decoded, and obtaining, according to the frame number of the frame that can be independently decoded, video data of the frame that can be independently decoded, and decoding the random access frame.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: An image presentation method, where the method includes obtaining identification information of a first object when a switching instruction for switching the first object to a second object is received, where one of the first object or the second object is a first 360-degree panorama, the other is a first strip panorama, the first strip panorama includes multiple front sub-images used to display a first region, an ith front sub-image in the multiple front sub-images corresponds to a front image in a jth 360-degree panorama in multiple 360-degree panoramas and displays an ith sub-region in the first region, and the first 360-degree panorama is one of the multiple 360-degree panoramas, obtaining, according to the identification information of the first object, the second object corresponding to the identification information of the first object, and presenting the second object.

Abstract: An image presentation method, where the method includes obtaining identification information of a first object when a switching instruction for switching the first object to a second object is received, where one of the first object or the second object is a first 360-degree panorama, the other is a first strip panorama, the first strip panorama includes multiple front sub-images used to display a first region, an ith front sub-image in the multiple front sub-images corresponds to a front image in a jth 360-degree panorama in multiple 360-degree panoramas and displays an ith sub-region in the first region, and the first 360-degree panorama is one of the multiple 360-degree panoramas, obtaining, according to the identification information of the first object, the second object corresponding to the identification information of the first object, and presenting the second object.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide media file receiving and media file sending methods, apparatuses, and systems. A media file receiving method includes: obtaining, by a client, an MPD fragment address of a first MPD fragment from a media presentation description MPD fragment index file according to a start-to-play time point requested by a user; sending, by the client, a first MPD fragment obtaining request including the MPD fragment address of the first MPD fragment to a server; receiving, by the client, the first MPD fragment fed back by the server, and sending a media segment obtaining request to the server according to media description information in the first MPD fragment; and receiving, by the client, a media segment fed back by the server. With the media receiving method according to the embodiments of the present invention, an objective of rapidly starting playing a media file can be achieved.

Abstract: A video frame decoding method and apparatus in order to implement efficient and fast video decoding. The method includes acquiring a target time point of a video, obtaining a frame number of a corresponding random access frame according to the target time point, obtaining a frame number of a frame that can be independently decoded, where the dependency set includes at least one dependency, and the dependency represents a correspondence between a frame number of a random access frame and a frame number of a frame that can be independently decoded, and obtaining, according to the frame number of the frame that can be independently decoded, video data of the frame that can be independently decoded, and decoding the random access frame.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for retransmission based on forward error correction. The method includes: when received source data packets loss occurs, judging whether all of the lost source data payloads can be decoded by using the received source data payloads and check data; if all of the lost source data payloads cannot be decoded, determining needed source data symbols for decoding all of the lost source data payloads by using the received source data payloads and the check data; and requesting for retransmitting the needed source data symbols.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide media file receiving and media file sending methods, apparatuses, and systems. A media file receiving method includes: obtaining, by a client, an MPD fragment address of a first MPD fragment from a media presentation description MPD fragment index file according to a start-to-play time point requested by a user; sending, by the client, a first MPD fragment obtaining request including the MPD fragment address of the first MPD fragment to a server; receiving, by the client, the first MPD fragment fed back by the server, and sending a media segment obtaining request to the server according to media description information in the first MPD fragment; and receiving, by the client, a media segment fed back by the server. With the media receiving method according to the embodiments of the present invention, an objective of rapidly starting playing a media file can be achieved.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: A method for implementing stream services is provided according to the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes: determining, by a server, a response message, in which the response message includes: at least one of an interval between a first data stream and a second data stream, latest data information of the second data stream, and rate change point information of the first data stream; and sending, by the server, the first data stream and the response message to a receiving end, so that the receiving end performs corresponding operation according to the response message. A communication system and a relevant device are further provided according to the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve data sending flexibility.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for retransmission based on forward error correction. The method includes: when received source data packets loss occurs, judging whether all of the lost source data payloads can be decoded by using the received source data payloads and check data; if all of the lost source data payloads cannot be decoded, determining needed source data symbols for decoding all of the lost source data payloads by using the received source data payloads and the check data; and requesting for retransmitting the needed source data symbols.