Abstract: The present disclosure provides message sending, which relates to the technical field of communication. The technical solution provided by the present disclosure includes: receiving a first message; sending a second message, wherein the second message includes a segment routing header SRH and the first message, and wherein the SRH includes a plurality of compressed segment identifier C-SID containers and segment description information, and the segment description information includes a Block length, a C-SID length and a compression type of C-SID carried by each C-SID container, so that a complete segment list can be restored offline.

Abstract: An example method comprises: generating a first packet, wherein a source address in the first packet comprises a network segment, a host segment, and a slice segment that comprises a slice identifier; sending the first packet to a destination node, so that if the destination node, after receiving the first packet, determines according to the network segment and the host segment that the source address in the first packet belongs to a specified slice network segment, the destination node clears the slice segment in the source address, uses the source address whose slice segment has been cleared as a destination address of a second packet, and sends the second packet to the head node; receiving the second packet; and if the destination address is the same as a host address of the head node, delivering the second packet up to a control plane. Thus, the second packet can be correctly delivered up to the control plane.

Abstract: The present application provides a method and apparatus for synchronizing information between switches. The method includes: acquiring to-be-synchronized target data; sending BGP routes carrying the target data through BGP sessions established between the switch with one or more designated switches, so that the target data is synchronized between the switch and target switches that need to synchronize with the switch.

Abstract: The examples of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for determining a Segment Identity, and relates to the field of communication. The solution is as follows: receiving a first message and a second message sent by a second device; the first message includes at least one first Block Identity and a boundary address of an address space corresponding to each first Block Identity; the second message includes at least a second Block Identity and a first index value; calculating the first SID by using a boundary address of a first address space corresponding to a same Block and the first index value, where the same Block is a Block characterized by the same Block Identity in at least one first Block Identity and at least one second Block Identity. By applying the technical solution provided by the examples of the present disclosure, the overhead of messages in the process of issuing SIDs is reduced, thus ensuring the performance of devices and the stability of message transmission protocol.

Abstract: An Egress Tunnel Router (ETR) may establish a neighbor connection with a Map Server (MS). After the ETR establishes the neighbor connection with the MS, or after the ETR detects a status update of the MS from inaccessible to accessible, the ETR may register all Endpoint Identifiers EIDs configured on the ETR with the MS. After the ETR receives a register acknowledgement message with regard to a registered EID from the MS, the ETR may stop registering the registered EID with the MS.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of routing for an Autonomous System AS in a communication system, in which the AS comprises a plurality of network devices including a first network device and a second network device. The first network device distributes routing information to a forwarding table by calculating a first route from the first network device to the second network device. The first network device receives information of a destination network device of the communication system from the second network device, and forms a second route from the second network device to the destination network device to be stored in the forwarding table using the received information of the destination network device. When the first route fails, the first network device calculates a third route from the first network device to the second network device and updates the routing information in the forwarding table according to the third route.

Abstract: When determining that a first Virtual Machine (VM) migrates from the first xTR, the first xTR determines whether a second VM is connected to an interface of the first xTR to which the first VM is connected before the first VM migrates. If yes, the first xTR sends a free Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) packet through the interface of the first xTR, and sends an Endpoint Identifier (EID) address of the second VM and a Routing Locator (RLOC) address of the first xTR to a second xTR. A source address and destination address of the free ARP are the EID address of the first VM, and the second xTR is an xTR to which the first VM migrates from the first xTR.

Abstract: An Egress Tunnel Router (ETR) may establish a neighbor connection with a Map Server (MS). After the ETR establishes the neighbor connection with the MS, or after the ETR detects a status update of the MS from inaccessible to accessible, the ETR may register all Endpoint Identifiers EIDs configured on the ETR with the MS. After the ETR receives a register acknowledgement message with regard to a registered EID from the MS, the ETR may stop registering the registered EID with the MS.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure may provide a migration method. An emigration TR may receive a map notify message carrying a mapping relationship between an EID of the host and an RLOC of an immigration TR. The emigration TR may make a determination as to whether the RLOC of the immigration TR is same as an RLOC of the emigration TR. The emigration TR may search for an RLOC of a remote TR if the RLOC of the immigration TR is different from the RLOC of the emigration TR. The emigration TR may send an SMR message to the remote TR using the RLOC of the remote TR.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes reducing flooding of link state information of a link state protocol in a network with multiple routers. A filtering strategy is pre-configured on a router interface for filtering link state information generated by a first router. The filtering strategy is to enable link state database (LSDB) isolation between a second router associated with the router interface and the first router. Link state information generated by the first router is received or sent according to the pre-configured filtering strategy via the router interface.

Abstract: According to an example, virtual systems are established in a same Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) process as a local IS-IS system. Each local IS-IS system and virtual system can enable a maximum of M IS-IS interfaces. A system is selected for each IS-IS interface from the local IS-IS system and the virtual systems. A virtual neighbor connection is established between the local IS-IS system and each of the virtual systems, and a route cost of the neighbor connection is 0. For an IS-IS interface connected to a remote device, a packet is sent for establishing a neighbor connection with the remote device, the packet carrying a system ID of the IS-IS interface.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of routing for an Autonomous System AS in a communication system, in which the AS comprises a plurality of network devices including a first network device and a second network device. The first network device distributes routing information to a forwarding table by calculating a first route from the first network device to the second network device. The first network device receives information of a destination network device of the communication system from the second network device, and forms a second route from the second network device to the destination network device to be stored in the forwarding table using the received information of the destination network device. When the first route fails, the first network device calculates a third route from the first network device to the second network device and updates the routing information in the forwarding table according to the third route.

Abstract: According to an example, a virtual next-hop is created and a destination identity corresponding to each virtual next-hop is stored. Each virtual next-hop comprises one best next-hop and one second-best next-hop, and a next-hop of the best path of the destination identity corresponding to a virtual next-hop is the best next-hop of the virtual next-hop, and a next-hop of the second-best path of the destination identity corresponding to the virtual next-hop is the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop. Path forwarding may be performed using the best next-hop of each virtual next-hop. If the best next-hop of a virtual next-hop is determined to be failed, path forwarding may be performed using the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop.

Abstract: A first migration instruction is received from a management device, new authentication information is configured on a routing device according to the first migration instruction, and an authentication direction of the new authentication information is configured as a receiving direction. A second migration instruction that is sent by the management device after determining that all adjacent routing devices have configured the new authentication information is received, an authentication direction of original active authentication information is configured as a receiving direction and the authentication direction of the new authentication information is configured as the receiving direction and a sending direction.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of routing for an Autonomous System AS in a communication system, in which the AS comprises a plurality of network devices including a first network device and a second network device. The first network device distributes routing information to a forwarding table by calculating a first route from the first network device to the second network device. The first network device receives information of a destination network device of the communication system from the second network device, and forms a second route from the second network device to the destination network device to be stored in the forwarding table using the received information of the destination network device. When the first route fails, the first network device calculates a third route from the first network device to the second network device and updates the routing information in the forwarding table according to the third route.

Abstract: According to an example, virtual systems are established in a same Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) process as a local IS-IS system. Each local IS-IS system and virtual system can enable a maximum of M IS-IS interfaces. A system is selected for each IS-IS interface from the local IS-IS system and the virtual systems. A virtual neighbor connection is established between the local IS-IS system and each of the virtual systems, and a route cost of the neighbor connection is 0. For an IS-IS interface connected to a remote device, a packet is sent for establishing a neighbor connection with the remote device, the packet carrying a system ID of the IS-IS interface.

Abstract: According to an example, a virtual next-hop is created and a destination identity corresponding to each virtual next-hop is stored. Each virtual next-hop comprises one best next-hop and one second-best next-hop, and a next-hop of the best path of the destination identity corresponding to a virtual next-hop is the best next-hop of the virtual next-hop, and a next-hop of the second-best path of the destination identity corresponding to the virtual next-hop is the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop. Path forwarding may be performed using the best next-hop of each virtual next-hop. If the best next-hop of a virtual next-hop is determined to be failed, path forwarding may be performed using the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes reducing flooding of link state information of a link state protocol in a network with multiple routers. A filtering strategy is pre-configured on a router interface for filtering link state information generated by a first router. The filtering strategy is to enable link state database (LSDB) isolation between a second router associated with the router interface and the first router. Link state information generated by the first router is received or sent according to the pre-configured filtering strategy via the router interface.