Abstract: A space optical coupling apparatus, including M first couplers, a phase adjustment apparatus, N beam splitters, M second couplers, a coupling apparatus, and a controller. The first coupler receives a beam, and couples the beam to the phase adjustment apparatus. The phase adjustment apparatus includes M phase adjusters, N beam splitters, and N detectors. Each beam splitter is configured to split a received beam into two beams, one sent to a corresponding detector and the other sent to a corresponding phase adjuster. The second coupler receives output light from the coupling apparatus, and transmits the output light into the space. The coupling apparatus is configured to couple a beam onto a single-mode fiber. The controller is configured to control, based on the beam intensity detected by the detector and the beam intensity on the single-mode fiber, the M phase adjusters to adjust the phases of the received beams.

Abstract: A quantum bit control apparatus, including a control signal generator, optoelectronic detectors, a quantum chip, and a shielding apparatus, the optoelectronic detectors are disposed in the shielding apparatus, and an inner part of the shielding apparatus is in a vacuum state. The control signal generator is disposed in a first temperature area, and is configured to generate optical control signals and send the N optical control signals to the optoelectronic detectors. The optoelectronic detectors are disposed in a second temperature area having a temperature lower than of the first temperature area. The N optoelectronic detectors are configured to convert the received optical control signals into electronically controlled signals and send the electronically controlled signals to the quantum chip. The quantum chip is disposed in the second temperature area, and controls a quantum bit in the quantum chip based on the electronically controlled signals.

Abstract: This application discloses quantum key distribution methods and devices, and storage media. In an implementation, an ith node generates, based on a determined first quantum key corresponding to the ith node on a target routing path and a determined second quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path, a third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path, and sends the third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path to a destination node on the target routing path, or encrypts a received first ciphertext by using the third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path, and sends an obtained second ciphertext corresponding to the ith node to an (i+1)th node on the target routing path.

Abstract: This application provide quantum key distribution methods, devices, and storage media. In an implementation, a method comprises: determining, based on a first mapping, a first quantum key of N first quantum keys corresponding to an ith node on a target routing path; determining, based on a second mapping, a second quantum key of N second quantum keys corresponding to the ith node; and generating, by the ith node based on the first quantum key corresponding to the ith node and the second quantum key corresponding to the ith node, a third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path.

Abstract: A key generation method includes modulating a first key to a first light source signal, to obtain a modulated optical signal, splitting the modulated optical signal, to obtain a first sub modulated optical signal and a second sub modulated optical signal, attenuating the first sub modulated optical signal such that a quantity of photons included in each period of the first sub modulated optical signal is less than a preset value, and sending an attenuated first sub modulated optical signal to a receive-end device, and obtaining a second key carried in the second sub modulated optical signal, and storing the second key.

Abstract: This application discloses a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) device and method. The device includes a light source, a modulation unit, a first random number generator, and a processor, where the processor is configured to obtain a first data sequence based on a preset quantity of modulation format symbols, a distribution probability of each symbol, and a first random number sequence generated by the first random number generator, and obtain a second data sequence based on the first data sequence; and the modulation unit is configured to modulate, based on to the first data sequence, a signal emitted by the light source to output a second optical signal, where the second optical signal does not need to include quantum states with a quantity in an order of magnitude of 28×28 required in an existing Gaussian protocol.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus, including: a polarization splitter-rotator PSR, a polarization rotation structure, and a modulator, where the PSR is configured to receive an input signal light, split the input signal light into two parts whose polarization modes are the same, and send the two parts to the polarization rotation structure and the modulator respectively; the polarization rotation structure has functions of rotating, by 180 degrees, a polarization direction of an optical signal entering the polarization rotation structure from one end, and keeping a polarization direction of an optical signal entering the polarization rotation structure from the other end unchanged; the modulator is configured to modulate a light input to the modulator; and the PSR is further configured to receive signal lights sent by the polarization rotation structure and the modulator, combine the two signal lights to send the output signal light.

Abstract: A space optical coupling apparatus, including M first couplers, a phase adjustment apparatus, N beam splitters, M second couplers, a coupling apparatus, and a controller. The first coupler receives a beam, and couples the beam to the phase adjustment apparatus. The phase adjustment apparatus includes M phase adjusters, N beam splitters, and N detectors. Each beam splitter is configured to split a received beam into two beams, one sent to a corresponding detector and the other sent to a corresponding phase adjuster. The second coupler receives output light from the coupling apparatus, and transmits the output light into the space. The coupling apparatus is configured to couple a beam onto a single-mode fiber. The controller is configured to control, based on the beam intensity detected by the detector and the beam intensity on the single-mode fiber, the M phase adjusters to adjust the phases of the received beams.

Abstract: An ion trap system includes a laser adjustment and control module configured to split a light beam into P first light beams and Q second light beams. N first light beams in the P first light beams are transmitted to N ions, respectively, and tM second light beams in the Q second light beams are transmitted to M monitoring units, respectively. The M monitoring units are configured to monitor the M second light beams, respectively, and obtain spatial information of the M second light beams. The system further includes a feedback control module configured to receive the spatial intensity distribution information of the M second light beams, determine N first control signals based on the spatial information of the M second light beams, and transmit the N first control signals to the laser adjustment and control module.

Abstract: A quantum bit control apparatus, including a control signal generator, optoelectronic detectors, a quantum chip, and a shielding apparatus, the optoelectronic detectors are disposed in the shielding apparatus, and an inner part of the shielding apparatus is in a vacuum state. The control signal generator is disposed in a first temperature area, and is configured to generate optical control signals and send the N optical control signals to the optoelectronic detectors. The optoelectronic detectors are disposed in a second temperature area having a temperature lower than of the first temperature area. The N optoelectronic detectors are configured to convert the received optical control signals into electronically controlled signals and send the electronically controlled signals to the quantum chip. The quantum chip is disposed in the second temperature area, and controls a quantum bit in the quantum chip based on the electronically controlled signals.

Abstract: A data transmission method to avoid a channel resource waste where first random data and second random data are generated by a sending device; at least two pieces of reference data are determined; a modulation signal based on the first random data, the second random data, and the at least two pieces of reference data are generated; a component in a first polarization direction and a component in a second polarization direction of a first laser signal by using the modulation signal are modulated by the sending device, to obtain a second laser signal, where the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other, and the second laser signal includes a quantum light and a reference light; and the second laser signal is sent by the sending device.

Abstract: In the embodiments of the present invention, a transmit optical signal includes a reference optical signal and a quantum optical signal, optical splitting processing and coherent coupling are performed on the transmit optical signal by using a local oscillator optical signal to obtain at least two coherently coupled optical signals, and then optical-to-electrical conversion and amplification are separately performed on a first coherently coupled optical signal that includes the reference optical signal and a second coherently coupled optical signal that includes the quantum optical signal, to obtain a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal. Then, phase frequency information between the local oscillator optical signal and the reference optical signal is obtained from the first electrical signal, and an original key is recovered from the second electrical signal based on the phase frequency information.

Abstract: This application provide quantum key distribution methods, devices, and storage media. In an implementation, a method comprises: determining, based on a first mapping, a first quantum key of N first quantum keys corresponding to an ith node on a target routing path; determining, based on a second mapping, a second quantum key of N second quantum keys corresponding to the ith node; and generating, by the ith node based on the first quantum key corresponding to the ith node and the second quantum key corresponding to the ith node, a third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path.

Abstract: In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a transmit apparatus generates a to-be-processed optical signal and a quantum optical signal, where the to-be-processed optical signal includes at least a classical optical signal; and the transmit apparatus couples the to-be-processed optical signal and the quantum optical signal, to obtain a coupled optical signal, and sends the coupled optical signal. Because a wavelength of the classical optical signal is in an L band and/or a C band and a wavelength of the quantum optical signal is in an S band, a wavelength in the band of the classical optical signal is greater than a wavelength in the band of the quantum optical signal.

Abstract: A key generation method includes modulating a first key to a first light source signal, to obtain a modulated optical signal, splitting the modulated optical signal, to obtain a first sub modulated optical signal and a second sub modulated optical signal, attenuating the first sub modulated optical signal such that a quantity of photons included in each period of the first sub modulated optical signal is less than a preset value, and sending an attenuated first sub modulated optical signal to a receive-end device, and obtaining a second key carried in the second sub modulated optical signal, and storing the second key.

Abstract: This application discloses a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) device and method. The device includes a light source, a modulation unit, a first random number generator, and a processor, where the processor is configured to obtain a first data sequence based on a preset quantity of modulation format symbols, a distribution probability of each symbol, and a first random number sequence generated by the first random number generator, and obtain a second data sequence based on the first data sequence; and the modulation unit is configured to modulate, based on to the first data sequence, a signal emitted by the light source to output a second optical signal, where the second optical signal does not need to include quantum states with a quantity in an order of magnitude of 28×28 required in an existing Gaussian protocol.

Abstract: A data transmission method to avoid a channel resource waste where first random data and second random data are generated by a sending device; at least two pieces of reference data are determined; a modulation signal based on the first random data, the second random data, and the at least two pieces of reference data are generated; a component in a first polarization direction and a component in a second polarization direction of a first laser signal by using the modulation signal are modulated by the sending device, to obtain a second laser signal, where the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other, and the second laser signal includes a quantum light and a reference light; and the second laser signal is sent by the sending device.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a quantum signal detection method and a quantum signal detection apparatus. The method includes: splitting a received optical pulse sequence into a first pulse sequence and a second pulse sequence that are in orthogonal polarization, where the signal pulses are quantum signal pulses; obtaining information about the reference pulses; generating local oscillator light; splitting the local oscillator light into first local oscillator light and second local oscillator light whose intensities are the same and that are in orthogonal polarization; performing homodyne detection on the first pulse sequence and the first local oscillator light, and performing homodyne detection on the second pulse sequence and the second local oscillator light, to obtain homodyne detection results; and obtaining regular components of the signal pulses in the optical pulse sequence according to the homodyne detection results and the information about the reference pulses.

Abstract: An encryption method and device and a decryption method and device are provided, to resolve a problem that unconditional security of encrypted service data cannot be ensured in an existing service data encryption process and encryption processing of highly confidential service data cannot be implemented. The encryption device in the present invention obtains a quantum key and to-be-encrypted service data; encrypts the to-be-encrypted service data by using the quantum key, to generate a ciphertext; inserts the ciphertext into a specified byte in an OTN overhead byte, and performs encapsulation to obtain an OTN frame including the ciphertext; and converts the OTN frame from an electrical signal to an optical signal, and transmits the optical signal to a second OTN device.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to the field of communications technologies. The embodiments of this application are applicable to a centralized management and control network. A centralized controller obtains Z service requests, globally determines, based on an identifier of a source service node and an identifier of a destination service node that are corresponding to each of the Z service requests, a quantum key consumption parameter, and topology information of key nodes in the centralized management and control network, globally optimal key relay instructions corresponding to G service requests, and further delivers the key relay instructions corresponding to the G service requests to key nodes corresponding to the key relay instructions, so that the key nodes perform quantum key relay based on the key relay instructions, to generate a shared quantum key between the source key node and the destination key node.