Abstract: According to an aspect of the technology disclosed by the present application, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a tumor, including a low-molecular kinase inhibitor which blocks the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?), in which, by administration of the low-molecular kinase that blocks the TGF-? signaling pathway, in combination with at least one of an immune checkpoint regulator and a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a tumor therapeutic or tumor growth inhibitory effect is excellent in a patient who needs tumor therapy or tumor growth inhibition, compared to when the low-molecular kinase inhibitor, immune checkpoint regulator, or receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor is administered alone.