Abstract: Provided is an image sensor including a sensor substrate, a spacer layer on the sensor substrate, and a color separating lens array on the spacer layer and configured to separate light based on a wavelength of the light, wherein the color separating lens array includes a first lens layer including a plurality of first nano posts and a first peripheral material layer around the plurality of first nano posts, a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) stop layer on the first peripheral material layer, an etch stop layer on an upper surface of the CMP stop layer and directly on an upper surface of each first nano post of the plurality of first nano posts, and a second lens layer on the etch stop layer, the second lens layer including a plurality of second nano posts and a second peripheral material layer around the plurality of second nano posts.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus and a method of operating the same are provided. For a refrigerating cycle having a plurality of compressors connected in series for multi-stage compression, an inner space of each compressor and a pipe of the refrigerating cycle may be connected via an oil collection pipe, and oil may be discharged into the refrigerating cycle by pressure reversal during a pressure balancing operation, so as to allow the discharged oil to be collected into a high-stage compressor or a low-stage compressor. Accordingly, an amount of oil may be uniformly maintained in each of the plurality of compressors to prevent losses due to friction and/or increases in power consumption due to a lack of oil in one or more of the compressors. The structure of a device and pipes for performing oil balancing between the compressors may be simplified to enhance efficiency of the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerator and a driving method thereof are disclosed. A primary compressor and a secondary compressor can form independent cycles together with corresponding evaporators so as to reduce unnecessary power consumption. Also, a backflow prevention valve is installed between the primary and secondary compressors to prevent an increase in pressure of the secondary compressor, or an auxiliary heat exchanger is installed at the outlet side of a second evaporator with high temperature to allow heat exchange of an outlet side pipe of a first evaporator with low temperature so as to shift a load of a freezing chamber into a relatively large refrigerating chamber, thereby improving efficiency of the refrigerator. In addition, an oil separator or an oil collection pipe is installed at the outlet sides of the compressors or an oil balancing pipe and an oil balancing valve are installed between the compressors, so as to uniformly maintain an oil amount between the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus and a method of operating the same are provided. For a refrigerating cycle having a plurality of compressors connected in series for multi-stage compression, an inner space of each compressor and a pipe of the refrigerating cycle may be connected via an oil collection pipe, and oil may be discharged into the refrigerating cycle by pressure reversal during a pressure balancing operation, so as to allow the discharged oil to be collected into a high-stage compressor or a low-stage compressor. Accordingly, an amount of oil may be uniformly maintained in each of the plurality of compressors to prevent losses due to friction and/or increases in power consumption due to a lack of oil in one or more of the compressors. The structure of a device and pipes for performing oil balancing between the compressors may be simplified to enhance efficiency of the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus and a method of operating the same are provided. For a refrigerating cycle having a plurality of compressors connected in series for multi-stage compression, an inner space of each compressor and a pipe of the refrigerating cycle may be connected via an oil collection pipe, and oil may be discharged into the refrigerating cycle by pressure reversal during a pressure balancing operation, so as to allow the discharged oil to be collected into a high-stage compressor or a low-stage compressor. Accordingly, an amount of oil may be uniformly maintained in each of the plurality of compressors to prevent losses due to friction and/or increases in power consumption due to a lack of oil in one or more of the compressors. The structure of a device and pipes for performing oil balancing between the compressors may be simplified to enhance efficiency of the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus and a method of operating the same are provided. For a refrigerating cycle having a plurality of compressors connected in series for multi-stage compression, an inner space of each compressor and a pipe of the refrigerating cycle may be connected via an oil collection pipe, and oil may be discharged into the refrigerating cycle by pressure reversal during a pressure balancing operation, so as to allow the discharged oil to be collected into a high-stage compressor or a low-stage compressor. Accordingly, an amount of oil may be uniformly maintained in each of the plurality of compressors to prevent losses due to friction and/or increases in power consumption due to a lack of oil in one or more of the compressors. The structure of a device and pipes for performing oil balancing between the compressors may be simplified to enhance efficiency of the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a refrigerator main body having a storage space to store foods and a machine room to accommodate a part of a refrigerant compression cycle apparatus, a condenser disposed between a bottom surface of the refrigerator main body and a lower surface of the storage space, at least one compressor disposed within the machine room, and a blow fan to form an air passage through which external air passed through the condenser is supplied into the compressor and discharged out of the machine room.

Abstract: A refrigerator and a driving method thereof are disclosed. A primary compressor and a secondary compressor can form independent cycles together with corresponding evaporators so as to reduce unnecessary power consumption. Also, a backflow prevention valve is installed between the primary and secondary compressors to prevent an increase in pressure of the secondary compressor, or an auxiliary heat exchanger is installed at the outlet side of a second evaporator with high temperature to allow heat exchange of an outlet side pipe of a first evaporator with low temperature so as to shift a load of a freezing chamber into a relatively large refrigerating chamber, thereby improving efficiency of the refrigerator. In addition, an oil separator or an oil collection pipe is installed at the outlet sides of the compressors or an oil balancing pipe and an oil balancing valve are installed between the compressors, so as to uniformly maintain an oil amount between the compressors.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a heat transfer unit, which transfers heat generated from a machine room within a refrigerator main body to a periphery of a home bar so as to remove dew formed at the periphery of the home bar, and an insulating unit for surrounding an outer circumference of the heat transfer unit. The refrigerator further includes a heating unit installed to be thermally conductive with the heat transfer unit, and a non-conductive cover for covering the heat transfer unit and the heating unit. Consequently, waste heat generated from the machine room, other than a separate power supply unit, can be used to prevent dew formation at the periphery of the home bar, so as to remarkably reduce power consumption.

Abstract: A refrigerator and a driving method thereof are disclosed. The number of vibration of each compressor, evaporation temperature of each evaporator, or an open time of a refrigerant switching valve is detected to determine whether the flow of refrigerant is biased so as to adjust a cooling capability of the compressor or an open value or open time of a refrigerant switching valve, thereby uniformly distributing the refrigerant into first and second evaporators. Accordingly, the refrigerator can be driven with an independent refrigeration cycle corresponding to a load of a freezing chamber or a refrigerating chamber, resulting in reduction of unnecessary power consumption of the refrigerator.