Abstract: A PLL is provided, comprising a first divider, a PFD, a loop filter, a VCO, a second divider and a controller. The first divider receives a reference signal and divides the reference signal by R to obtain a divided signal. The PFD compares the divided signal and a feedback signal to generate a compared The VCO selects one of a plurality of operating curves for oscillation based on a selection signal, and generates an oscillation signal based on an operating voltage generated by signal the loop filter. The second divider divides the oscillation signal by N to obtain the feedback signal. The controller operates in an initial mode to recursively determine the selection signal by calculating differences of the feedback signal and the divided signal. When the selection signal converges to stable, the PLL switches to a normal mode to operate on the corresponding operating curve.

Abstract: A method for automatic frequency tuning in a phase lock loop suitable for use in multi-band VCO wireless systems having very limited initial frequency lock times is disclosed. A predetermined subset of VCOs out of a larger bank of VCOs is selected to serve as interpolation points. The interpolation point VCOs are pre-calibrated with a predetermined voltage and the resultingly generated frequency for each of the interpolation point VCOs is stored into memory as a (frequency, VCO) pair, one pair for each interpolation point VCO. When a desired frequency then is given to the system, an appropriate VCO is selected by interpolation using the (frequency, VCO) pairs of the two most adjacent interpolation points for tracking and locking.

Abstract: A method for automatic frequency tuning in a phase lock loop suitable for use in multi-band VCO wireless systems having very limited initial frequency lock times is disclosed. A predetermined subset of VCOs out of a larger bank of VCOs is selected to serve as interpolation points. The interpolation point VCOs are pre-calibrated with a predetermined voltage and the resultingly generated frequency for each of the interpolation point VCOs is stored into memory as a (frequency, VCO) pair, one pair for each interpolation point VCO. When a desired frequency then is given to the system, an appropriate VCO is selected by interpolation using the (frequency, VCO) pairs of the two most adjacent interpolation points for tracking and locking.

Abstract: Synthesizer and calibrating method utilizing same. The frequency synthesizer modulates input signals comprising a phase locked loop circuit. The phase locked loop circuit comprises a phase frequency detector for generating a first signal, a low pass filter for outputting a filtered control signal derived from the received first signal, a voltage control oscillator for generating an output signal with a first frequency based on the control signal, a frequency divider dividing the first frequency for output to the input terminal of the phase frequency detector, a modulator coupled to the frequency divider, a pre-emphasis filter receiving and filtering the input signal for output to the modulator, and an auto loop gain calibration circuit, receiving the control signal, and calculating a current gain of the control signal in accordance with the voltage of the control signal to compensate for the frequency response mismatch between the pre-emphasis filter and the frequency synthesizer.

Abstract: A PLL is provided, comprising a first divider, a PFD, a loop filter, a VCO, a second divider and a controller. The first divider receives a reference signal and divides the reference signal by R to obtain a divided signal. The PFD compares the divided signal and a feedback signal to generate a compared The VCO selects one of a plurality of operating curves for oscillation based on a selection signal, and generates an oscillation signal based on an operating voltage generated by signal the loop filter. The second divider divides the oscillation signal by N to obtain the feedback signal. The controller operates in an initial mode to recursively determine the selection signal by calculating differences of the feedback signal and the divided signal. When the selection signal converges to stable, the PLL switches to a normal mode to operate on the corresponding operating curve.

Abstract: A PLL includes a loop filter for accumulating charge to generate a loop-filter voltage and a VCO having a plurality of frequency ranges. The VCO receives the loop-filter voltage and generates an output signal having a frequency according to the loop-filter voltage and a currently selected VCO frequency range. During PLL calibration, the loop-filter is connected to a constant voltage source; the PLL feedback signal is synchronized with the reference signal; a linear search, a binary search, or a memory lookup is used to find a first and a second VCO frequency range; first and second time durations are measured for the time durations between the second rising edges of the reference signal and the PLL feedback signal for the two VCO frequency ranges, and the optimal VCO frequency range is determined by setting the VCO frequency range to be the VCO frequency range having the shortest measured time duration.

Abstract: Synthesizer and calibrating method utilizing same. The frequency synthesizer modulates input signals comprising a phase locked loop circuit. The phase locked loop circuit comprises a phase frequency detector for generating a first signal, a low pass filter for outputting a filtered control signal derived from the received first signal, a voltage control oscillator for generating an output signal with a first frequency based on the control signal, a frequency divider dividing the first frequency for output to the input terminal of the phase frequency detector, a modulator coupled to the frequency divider, a pre-emphasis filter receiving and filtering the input signal for output to the modulator, and an auto loop gain calibration circuit, receiving the control signal, and calculating a current gain of the control signal in accordance with the voltage of the control signal to compensate for the frequency response mismatch between the pre-emphasis filter and the frequency synthesizer.

Abstract: A PLL includes a loop filter for accumulating charge to generate a loop-filter voltage and a VCO having a plurality of frequency ranges. The VCO receives the loop-filter voltage and generates an output signal having a frequency according to the loop-filter voltage and a currently selected VCO frequency range. During PLL calibration, the loop-filter is connected to a constant voltage source; the PLL feedback signal is synchronized with the reference signal; a linear search, a binary search, or a memory lookup is used to find a first and a second VCO frequency range; first and second time durations are measured for the time durations between the second rising edges of the reference signal and the PLL feedback signal for the two VCO frequency ranges, and the optimal VCO frequency range is determined by setting the VCO frequency range to be the VCO frequency range having the shortest measured time duration.