Abstract: A method of an authentication server may include receiving, from a recipient computer system, recipient metadata comprising recipient information from the recipient computing system and a recipient network address. Access to the encrypted payload is authenticated by the recipient computer system using the recipient metadata. A response is sent to the recipient computer system after authenticating the recipient computer system. The recipient computer system decrypts the encrypted payload to access the payload in response to receiving the response.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of secure network transmission is performed by a computer system. The method includes encrypting a payload via a first symmetric key and encrypting the first symmetric key via a second symmetric key. The method further includes encrypting an author header comprising the encrypted first symmetric key and a recipient list via a third symmetric key, wherein the recipient list comprises at least one recipient. The method also includes encrypting the third symmetric key via a public asymmetric key associated with an authentication server. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting the encrypted author header and the encrypted third symmetric key to the authentication server for use in recipient-initiated pre-access authentication. In addition, the method includes transmitting the encrypted payload and the second symmetric key over a computer network to the at least one recipient.

Abstract: Spinal rod approximator for seating a stabilizing rod in a rod-receiving portion of a spinal implant and inserting closure mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, a spinal rod approximator is provided including a body with gripping branches, inserter shaft, threaded collar, and outer sleeve.

Abstract: Spinal rod approximator for seating a stabilizing rod in a rod-receiving portion of a spinal implant and inserting a closure mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, a spinal rod approximator is provided including a body with gripping branches, inserter shaft, threaded collar, and outer sleeve. The cylindrical outer sleeve is disposed about the distal end portion of the body and is movable between a first position and a second position in which the outer sleeve inhibits separation of the gripping branches.

Abstract: Spinal rod approximator for seating a stabilizing rod in a rod-receiving portion of a spinal implant and inserting closure mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, a spinal rod approximator is provided including a body with gripping branches, inserter shaft, threaded collar, and outer sleeve.

Abstract: A water-driven blower ventilation adapter apparatus and method for using the same. The ventilation adapter of the present invention receives separately and expels in mixed combination the gas exhaust and water discharge from a water-driven blower. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the ventilation adapter of the present invention includes a funnel shaped adapter body having a larger diameter port at the inlet side for receiving a gas exhaust from the water-driven blower and a smaller diameter port at the outlet side from which the gas exhaust is expelled. Furthermore, the ventilation adapter includes a water intake port disposed on the funnel shaped adapter body, which receives and passes water discharged from the water-driven blower into the smaller diameter outlet port of the funnel shaped adapter body such that the gas exhaust and water discharge are expelled in combination through the smaller diameter outlet port.

Abstract: A water-driven blower ventilation adapter apparatus and method for using the same. The ventilation adapter of the present invention receives separately and expels in mixed combination the gas exhaust and water discharge from a water-driven blower. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the ventilation adapter of the present invention includes a funnel shaped adapter body having a larger diameter port at the inlet side for receiving a gas exhaust from the water-driven blower and a smaller diameter port at the outlet side from which the gas exhaust is expelled. Furthermore, the ventilation adapter includes a water intake port disposed on the funnel shaped adapter body, which receives and passes water discharged from the water-driven blower into the smaller diameter outlet port of the funnel shaped adapter body such that the gas exhaust and water discharge are expelled in combination through the smaller diameter outlet port.

Abstract: Spinal rod approximator for seating a stabilizing rod in a rod-receiving portion of a spinal implant and inserting closure mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, a spinal rod approximator is provided including a body with gripping branches, inserter shaft, threaded collar, and outer sleeve.