Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Abstract: Methods for producing bio-oil from a feedstock (e.g., lignocellulosic) involving (1) pyrolyzing the feedstock in an inert atmosphere in a reactor to produce bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gases; (2) recycling 50 to about 85% of the non-condensable gases to the reactor to produce deoxygenated bio-oil; wherein the method is conducted in the absence of oxygen and wherein the method does not utilize externally added catalysts.

Abstract: An ice pack holder for use in holding ice packs or hot compresses against a portion of a user's body. The ice pack holder includes a frame defining an open central area, wherein netting extends across the frame and over the open central area. The frame and netting are used to hold an ice pack in position on the user's body. One or more securing members extend from the frame for use in securing the frame in position on the user's body. The securing members preferably include straps that can be wrapped around a user's body part and secured thereon via adjustable fasteners. The ice pack holder can be used to apply an ice pack or similar item to any of various portions of the user's body including the user's arms, legs, shoulder, and joints.

Abstract: Methods for producing bio-oil from a feedstock (e.g., guayule bagasse and/or guayule leaves), involving (1) pyrolyzing the feedstock in an inert atmosphere in a reactor to produce bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gases; (2) recycling about 10 to about 99% of the non-condensable gases to the reactor to produce deoxygenated bio-oil; wherein the method is conducted in the absence of oxygen and wherein said method does not utilize externally added catalysts. Also disclosed are bio-oils produced from such methods. Additionally, the methods further involving (a) first distilling the bio-oil to produce distillates and then reacting the distillates in a hydrodeoxygenation reactor in a chemically reductive atmosphere (e.g., hydrogen environment to produce hydrocarbons, water, and non-condensable gases or (b) reacting the bio-oil after centrifugation in a hydrodeoxygenation reactor in a chemically reductive atmosphere (e.g.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Abstract: A pyrolyzer apparatus (i.e. a “cracking pipe”) comprises a first screen, a second screen, and a catalyst material positioned between the first and second screens. The pyrolyzer is structured so that feedstock is pyrolyzed and pyrolyzer-generated gas is drawn through the first screen, through the catalyst material, and then through the second screen in series. The gas may then be directed to other processing equipment so that bio-oil is extracted from the gas.

Abstract: Bio-oil from a feedstock selected from mustard family seeds, mustard family seed presscake, mustard family seed defatted presscake, and mixtures thereof. The bio-oil is produced by a method involving (1) pyrolyzing the feedstock to produce bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gases, (2) removing the bio-char from the bio-oil, (3) condensing the bio-oil, and (4) precipitating the bio-oil.

Abstract: A pyrolyzer apparatus (i.e. a “cracking pipe”) comprises a first screen, a second screen, and a catalyst material positioned between the first and second screens. The pyrolyzer is structured so that feedstock is pyrolyzed and pyrolyzer-generated gas is drawn through the first screen, through the catalyst material, and then through the second screen in series. The gas may then be directed to other processing equipment so that bio-oil is extracted from the gas.

Abstract: A sample probe and apparatus are provided for magnetic resonance experiments. The probe includes a coil simultaneously tunable to at least two different frequencies. The coil includes a section having a scroll configuration and defines a core into which a sample can be inserted. A multi-resonant circuit transmits RF energy to the coil at two or more different frequencies for exciting nuclei of the sample. The apparatus includes a coil having a scroll configuration. RF transmission circuitry transmits RF energy to the coil at two or more different frequencies. RF receiving circuitry receives an RF signal responsive to excitation. A coil is magnetically coupled with a sample at an RF frequency.