Abstract: A butter-like product is recirculated from a mixing bowl (10) by a recirculating pump (14) until its viscosity is adjusted to the equivalent of 16,000 to 18,000 centipoise at 75.degree. F. The viscosity adjusted butter is pumped through an aerator (22) to a closed holding tank (40). A positive displacement pump (42) recirculates the viscosity adjusted butter from the holding tank, through a recirculating feed line (44) at a preselected pressure, and back to the holding tank. A plurality of packaging machines (C) each include a metering pump (60) which pumps metered amounts of the butter from the recirculating feed line through at least one filling nozzle (62). Sheets of heat-sealable plastic material from rolls (64, 66) are heat sealed (70, 72, 74, 76) into squeeze packets surrounding the metered volumes of butter. A conveyor (100) conveys the filled squeeze packets to a fluid cooling hood (104) in which the squeeze packets are bathed in a cooling fluid, e.g.

Abstract: A transformer for a welding gun has a reduced resistance and reactance thus drawing less current. The transformer is of substantially reduced weight and may be operated at high duty cycles and in a welding gun performing a large number of welds per hour. The transformer is formed of a hollow coil and coolant is flowed through the coil to directly cool the primary. The secondary is electrically insulated from the primary but physically adjacent the primary so that heat from the secondary is dissipated through the primary to the contact.

Abstract: An improved electrical resistance welder which provides the same welding current at the welding electrodes as prior welding device while requiring less input current, and providing lower reactance, less weight and overall increased efficiency. The resistance welder includes a transformer having a pancake type primary winding formed of a metal tube thrugh which a coolant is flowed. Portions of the primary winding are adjacent the transformer secondary and thus the primary winding also functions as a heat sink to cool the secondary.

Abstract: Margarine or other foodstuff with similar physical properties is warmed to room temperature and placed in a mixing bowl (10). The margarine is blended by stirring with paddles (12). Then, the margarine is mixed until it has a substantially uniform viscosity by a recirculating pump (14), extrusion of the margarine from the recirculating pump through a screen (16), and continued stirring with the paddles. A 15 to 30 second burst of steam is applied into jacket (20) liquifying but not clarifying the margarine contiguous with the edge of the vessel. The recirculating pump draws the liquified margarine from the edge of the mixing bowl and pumps it into the top center of the margarine where it is blended into substantially unheated margarine. The process is repeated until the margarine attains a viscosity in the range of 16,000 to 18,000 centipoise. Once this viscosity range is reached, the margarine is pumped into a holding tank (26).

Abstract: A resistance welder is disclosed which provides the same current at the welding electrodes as comparable resistance welders while requiring less input current. The surprising efficiency of the novel resistance welder permits it to accommodate wide workpieces in a deep throat. The increased demand for power to the welding electrodes, which demand results from the deep throat, is satisfied by the surprising efficiency of the combination of elements utilized in the invention. This invention combines linear transformers, having secondary terminals at extreme linear ends of the transformers, which linear transformers function as part of at least one body member of the welder to provide unexpected efficiency. These uniquely placed linear transformers minimize throat inductance and reduce energy consumption.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a lifting magnet includes welding dished shells in a nested relationship to form a dome-shaped case, cutting at least one radial slot in the case, welding a central core interiorly of the case, and placing a removable, internally coolable conducting coils on the core. A coolant is flowed through the coil.

Abstract: A cooled magnet is disclosed for lifting magnetic materials with incident savings in the cost of energy. The magnet comprises a dome-shaped metal case open to the atmosphere under the case, and, for producing a magnetic field, a continuous hollow conductor electrical winding removably disposed on a central core within the metal case. The metal case and central core are each provided with a radial slot in a vertical plane to inhibit the build-up of eddy currents. The hollow conductor offers an electrically continuous path, but is preferably so constructed as to provide a fluid discontinuous path for a cooling medium circulated within the hollow conductor.The dome-shaped metal case includes an inverted dished housing and a reinforcing cap member. The dished housing and cap member are fabricated from plural arcuate steel shells of predetermined configuration, superposed and nested one upon another in unimpeded magnetic communication with the central core.