Abstract: Apparatus and method for mixing a tank containing a fluid with a gas, wherein the gas is fired with a periodic intensity and duration through the employment of a gas container containing an inverted siphon, with one end contained in the container and the other end extending into a fluid.

Abstract: A methodology, system and apparatus are provided that include anoxic biofilms to perform partial denitrification and anammox (PdNA) reactions. The PdNA reactions can facilitate process intensification and carbon efficient biological nitrogen removal. The anoxic biofilms can be placed in a pre-anoxic zone or a downstream anoxic zone, where the biofilm and reactions are managed, including using storage compounds, to overcome mass transfer limitations in the biofilm. The methodology, system and apparatus can, when compared to state-of-the art technologies, improve the concentration gradient or reduce mass transfer limitations to facilitate PdNA reactions.

Abstract: The subject of this invention is to use beneficial reactive support media or biofilms in the form of reactive support bases or stratums that provide structural (including dimensions) or biochemical benefits to the growth or function (including agglutination) of biofilms. The functional aspect includes the provision of reactivity to a polymeric, cellulosic or silicic framework. The functions are supplied to the structural media during manufacture, conditioning, regeneration or during colonization of biofilms. The structural support media may include biodegradable or refractory polymers/plastics, alginates or uronic acids or extracted bacterial EPS. These materials are reacted, retained or removed based on their physical characteristics.

Abstract: A method and system for deselecting biological solids in an influent containing water. The method and system include supplying an influent to an inlet of a reactor comprising at least one of a bioreactor, an internal deselector, a particle deselector, and one or more return lines; dispersing the influent in the bioreactor to form a solid-liquid mixture containing biological solids; retaining, retarding, or providing a differential of, by the internal deselector, biological solids from the solid-liquid mixture to form a deselected solid-liquid mixture and returnable biological solids; feeding said deselected solid-liquid mixture to the particle deselector; deselecting, by the particle deselector, remainder biological solids from the deselected solid-liquid mixture; and supplying, by the one or more return lines, the returnable biological solids to the bioreactor.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to physical selection, deselection or outselection for smaller, less dense, sheared or compressed particles in sludge, wherein the first deselection step occurs at the reactor or at a clarification step, by separately deselecting for such particles and then a second deselection step occurs in an external selector. This double deselection promotes the more efficient removal of slow settling particles, while simultaneously allowing for maintenance of multiple solids residence times for fast and slow growing organisms. The deselection in a clarifier occurs typically at the periphery of the tank or at the surface of a blanket using a positive or negative pressure device. Structures such as slotted or perforated plates, pipes or manifolds can be used to assist in such deselection. Baffles can also be used for such deselection.

Abstract: A methodology, system and apparatus are provided that include anoxic biofilms to perform partial denitrification and anammox (PdNA) reactions. The PdNA reactions can facilitate process intensification and carbon efficient biological nitrogen removal. The anoxic biofilms can be placed in a pre-anoxic zone or a downstream anoxic zone, where the biofilm and reactions are managed, including using storage compounds, to overcome mass transfer limitations in the biofilm. The methodology, system and apparatus can, when compared to state-of-the art technologies, improve the concentration gradient or reduce mass transfer limitations to facilitate PdNA reactions.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to physical selection, deselection or outselection for smaller, less dense, sheared or compressed particles in sludge, wherein the first deselection step occurs at the reactor or at a clarification step, by separately deselecting for such particles and then a second deselection step occurs in an external selector. This double deselection promotes the more efficient removal of slow settling particles, while simultaneously allowing for maintenance of multiple solids residence times for fast and slow growing organisms. The deselection in a clarifier occurs typically at the periphery of the tank or at the surface of a blanket using a positive or negative pressure device. Structures such as slotted or perforated plates, pipes or manifolds can be used to assist in such deselection. Baffles can also be used for such deselection.

Abstract: A method and a system for selecting and retaining solids with superior settling characteristics, the method comprising feeding wastewater to an input of a processor that carries out a treatment process on the wastewater, outputting processed wastewater at an output of the processor, feeding the processed wastewater to an input of a gravimetric selector that selects solids with superior settling characteristics, and outputting a recycle stream at a first output of the gravimetric selector back to the processor.

Abstract: A method and a system as described herein, including a method and system of treating ammonium containing water in a deammonification MBBR process where partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation may occur simultaneously in a biofilm, or in an integrated fixed film activated sludge process where partial nitritation takes place in a suspended growth fraction and anaerobic ammonium oxidation occurs in a biofilm. The method and system include controlling airflow to the reactor to achieve a target pH, a target alkalinity, a target specific conductivity, and/or a target ammonium concentration in the reactor or in the effluent.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for biological wastewater treatment that includes a biological selector and a physical selector. The apparatus comprises an internal biological reactor where wastewater and recycled biomass are combined to provide a high substrate and high electron acceptor gradient for generating morphological biomass features that favor granule formation over floc and filament formation, and an external gravimetric or external screen selector operating on the biomass waste stream for collecting and retaining densified biomass aggregates including dense granule selection and for wasting lighter filaments and flocs. In the method and apparatus, particles may be added to provide cores to promote the formation of aggregates encapsulating the seeded particles. The particles may be added as various materials, for example, in the bioreactor, to initiate or seed the formation of a granule, that could then be separated by or integrated with either the external gravimetric or external screen selector.

Abstract: A method and a system for selecting and retaining solids with superior settling characteristics, the method comprising feeding wastewater to an input of a processor that carries out a treatment process on the wastewater, outputting processed wastewater at an output of the processor, feeding the processed wastewater to an input of a gravimetric selector that selects solids with superior settling characteristics, and outputting a recycle stream at a first output of the gravimetric selector back to the processor.

Abstract: A method and a system as described herein, including a method and system of treating ammonium containing water in a deammonification MBBR process where partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation may occur simultaneously in a biofilm, or in an integrated fixed film activated sludge process where partial nitritation takes place in a suspended growth fraction and anaerobic ammonium oxidation occurs in a biofilm. The method and system include controlling airflow to the reactor to achieve a target pH, a target alkalinity, a target specific conductivity, and/or a target ammonium concentration in the reactor or in the effluent.

Abstract: A method and a system for selecting and retaining solids with superior settling characteristics, the method comprising feeding wastewater to an input of a processor that carries out a treatment process on the wastewater, outputting processed wastewater at an output of the processor, feeding the processed wastewater to an input of a gravimetric selector that selects solids with superior settling characteristics, and outputting a recycle stream at a first output of the gravimetric selector back to the processor.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for biological wastewater treatment that includes a biological selector and a physical selector. The apparatus comprises an internal biological reactor where wastewater and recycled biomass are combined to provide a high substrate and high electron acceptor gradient for generating morphological biomass features that favor granule formation over floc and filament formation, and an external gravimetric or external screen selector operating on the biomass waste stream for collecting and retaining densified biomass aggregates including dense granule selection and for wasting lighter filaments and flocs. In the method and apparatus, particles may be added to provide cores to promote the formation of aggregates encapsulating the seeded particles. The particles may be added as various materials, for example, in the bioreactor, to initiate or seed the formation of a granule, that could then be separated by or integrated with either the external gravimetric or external screen selector.

Abstract: A method and a system for selecting and retaining solids with superior settling characteristics, the method comprising feeding wastewater to an input of a processor that carries out a treatment process on the wastewater, outputting processed wastewater at an output of the processor, feeding the processed wastewater to an input of a gravimetric selector that selects solids with superior settling characteristics, and outputting a recycle stream at a first output of the gravimetric selector back to the processor.