Abstract: A catheter with valve for implantation in a vascular structure of a living being. The catheter is in the general shape of a "T" with the top of the "T" implanted within the lumen of or anastomotically attached to a vascular structure. The lumen of the implanted portion of the catheter completely occupies or may be aligned with the lumen of the vascular structure, causing all blood flow through the vascular structure to be directed through the implanted portion of the catheter. A valve is placed in the wall of the implanted portion of the catheter which opens into the lumen of the leg of the "T" of the catheter upon application of sufficient differential pressure between the lumens of the two portions of the catheter. The leg of the "T" may be connected to the side wall of the implant portion of the catheter at an angle, such that the axis of the lumen of the leg of the "T" intersects the axis of the lumen of the implanted portion of the catheter at approximately a 45.degree. angle.

Abstract: A body lumen access system comprises a distal access cannula and a proximal access cannula. The distal access cannula is attached to or within the body lumen and the proximal access cannula is attached to an implantable port or is transcutaneously positioned and attached to a luer or other external connector. The distal and proximal access cannulas are usually implanted separately, cut to length, and attached at a subcutaneous junction location. Preferably, the proximal access cannula has a larger lumen diameter than that of the distal access cannula in order to reduce flow resistance within the cannula system. In some cases the distal and proximal access cannulas may be formed integrally.

Abstract: An implantable device grafted directly to vascular structures for high volume blood and/or fluid infusion and/or removal for such purpose as hemodialysis, apheresis, exchange transfusion, or large volume fluid infusion. The device is also adaptable to intermittent access to the venous or arterial circulations for purpose of blood sampling or giving medications. The device is comprised of an implantable fluid chamber connected to a vascular shunt which is then grafted directly to the vascular structure (e.g. artery or vein). The vascular end of the device employs a valve to prevent reflux of blood and subsequent washout of anticoagulant during periods when the device is not in use. The device is accessed percutaneously with a needle or needle-introduced catheter and is filled with anti-coagulant prior to needle withdrawal to prevent thrombosis.