Abstract: A system can include a plurality of satellites synchronized in a Waves constellation tailored to maximize coverage of a target ground location at one or more predetermined latitudes with a minimal number of satellites. The plurality of satellites can orbit the Earth in a plurality of orbital planes evenly spaced in right ascension of ascending node. The plurality of satellites can be evenly spaced in true anomaly within each orbital plane. The Waves constellation can phase the plurality of orbital planes, such that satellites in neighboring orbital planes simultaneously cross the Equator together with synchronized true anomaly positions, all in ascending or descending motion, thereby forming a wave of satellites in all orbital planes that rise and fall together.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system in accordance with the present invention is configured to transfer signal energy between an antenna array and a source/target via multiple subbeams respectively carried in different frequency channels. Each antenna array element can thus receive a composite signal which can be band pass filtered to separate the different frequency channel signal components. By separating the signal components, a different phase taper can be applied to each signal component thereby enabling coherent signal energy to be derived from each antenna element. The derived signal energy can then be combined to produce an antenna input/output signal.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system in accordance with the present invention is configured to transfer signal energy between an antenna array and a source/target via multiple subbeams respectively carried in different frequency channels. Each antenna array element can thus receive a composite signal which can be band pass filtered to separate the different frequency channel signal components. By separating the signal components, a different phase taper can be applied to each signal component thereby enabling coherent signal energy to be derived from each antenna element. The derived signal energy can then be combined to produce an antenna input/output signal.