Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and compositions for controlling the pH of a confined body of water, such as a swimming pool, spas, and hot tubs, using an organic acid specifically citric acid alone or in combination with other organic acids, borates or boric acid or other chelants or clarifiers. The amount of organic acid added to the confined body of water is determined relative to the pH of the water prior to such addition and the volume of water being treated. The amount of maintenance doses of organic acid is based upon the volume of water being treated and the magnitude of pH change required for adjustment to desired pH. The organic acid can be dispensed automatically or manually and can be dispensed as a solid, including a dispersable powder form, a capsule, or tablet, or as a liquid concentrate to be diluted in the confined body of water.

Abstract: A billiard practice platform, comprising a playing surface with two side rails and a back wall defining an open-ended practice area, and a target panel located essentially parallel to and adjacent the back wall thereby defining a ball capture portion, the target panel having at least one arch-defining openings therethrough, wherein a user shoots a cue ball toward a target ball with the objective of propelling the target ball through the at least one arch-defining opening and into the ball capture portion.

Abstract: A billiard practice platform, comprising a playing surface with two side rails and a back wall defining an open-ended practice area, and a target panel located essentially parallel to and adjacent the back wall thereby defining a ball capture portion, the target panel having at least one arch-defining openings therethrough, wherein a user shoots a cue ball toward a target ball with the objective of propelling the target ball through the at least one arch-defining opening and into the ball capture portion.