Abstract: A novel manufacturing process is described for producing quaternary ammonium compounds having a selected anion, which may be useful in wood preservative formulations. The process involves reacting a trialkylamine with an alkyl bromide to form a quaternary tetraalkylammonium bromide salt, converting the quaternary tetraalkylammonium bromide salt to a quaternary tetraalkylammonium hydroxide salt by using an ion exchange resin, and converting the quaternary tetraalkylammonium hydroxide salt to the quaternary tetraalkylammonium salt of the selected anion.

Abstract: A method of converting a tetraalkylammonium salt of a first anion to a tetraalkylammonium salt of a second anion is described which involves forming a solution comprising the tetraalkylammonium salt of the first anion in a solvent which includes water and a polar organic co-solvent, contacting the solution with an ion exchange resin in the form of the second anion and forming a tetraalkylammonium salt of the second anion in solution and an ion exchange resin complexed with the first anion. The solution containing the tetraalkylammonium salt of the second anion can be recovered.

Abstract: Termite repellant treated cellulosic substrates and methods or producing the same.

Abstract: Termite repellant treated cellulosic substrates and methods or producing the same.

Abstract: 4-(.alpha.-alkyl-.alpha.-cyano-methyl)2,6-di-substituted phenols having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl are prepared by reacting a di-substituted phenol, such as 2,6-di-tertiary-butyl phenol, with a Friedel-Crafts addition agent in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst such as aluminum chloride to form the corresponding 4-(.alpha.-alkyl-.alpha.-oxo-methyl)2,6-di-substituted phenol. The 4-(.alpha.-alkyl -.alpha.-oxo-methyl)2,6-di-substituted phenol thus formed readily can be reduced to form the corresponding 4-(.alpha.-alkyl-.alpha.-hydroxy-methyl)2,6-di-substituted phenol which thereafter can be reacted with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal cyanide to form the desired 4-(.alpha.-alkyl-.alpha.-cyano-methyl)2,6-di-substituted phenol. This can be converted by hydrolysis into the corresponding .alpha.-alkyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. These acids are well-known insecticidal and acaricidal intermediates.