Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The system includes an exhaust gas conduit extending from the engine configured to receive an exhaust gas stream from the engine, a first injector in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit configured to selectively inject fuel containing unburned hydrocarbon (HC) into the exhaust gas conduit and an oxidation catalyst disposed in the exhaust gas conduit downstream from the first injector. The system further includes a hydrocarbon selective catalyst reduction (HCSCR) catalyst applied on the oxidation catalyst, a heating device positioned at an upstream side of the oxidation catalyst configured to heat the oxidation catalyst and HCSCR catalyst, a selective catalyst reduction (SCR) device disposed within the exhaust gas conduit downstream from the oxidation catalyst, and a particulate filter positioned downstream from the selective catalyst reduction device.

Abstract: Polymorphisms at positions 100, 271, 281, 294, 408, 506 or 1432 of the cytochrome P450 enzyme bufuralol-1'-hydroxylase are indicative of the extensive metaboliser/poor metaboliser phenotypes and can be detected using known methods such as amplification of the DNA with the polymerase chain reaction, followed by digestion with a suitable restriction enzyme and analysis by gel electrophoresis. The EM/PM phenotype is relevant to calculating safe or effective drug doses for individuals.