Abstract: An improved user data protocol involves a multi-addressing capability that allows a user at a source node to address a single message to many users at respective destination nodes within a communication network. The multi-address messages that are provided to the network are inserted once at the source node, and messages routed between network nodes going to the same next node travel once across each interconnecting communication channel, thereby minimizing the communication bandwidth consumed.

Abstract: An improved user data protocol is well suited for both Internet radio and packeting switching networks and provides built in addressing and transport control capabilities. Basically, the user protocol consists of layers 4, 3, and 2 of the seven layer OSI/ISO model. The protocol enables communications between Data Comminations Equipment and Data Terminal Equipment and particularly is adapted to provide communications both voice and data between radios. The main feature of the IMPROVED Protocol is the ability to transmit multiple data frames in a single transmission including the transmission of a particular synch.

Abstract: There is disclosed a voice/data protocol for use with half duplex digital radios. The protocol modifies the X.21 HDLC protocol which is widely employed in the transmission of data for digital radios. The X.21 protocol utilizes a control "C" and an indicate "I" signal. In the steady state in conventional systems, both the C and the I leads are "off". When either a DTE or DCE requires service, the units set their C lead to the "on" condition. The opposite end detects the request for service on the I lead and when communications occur, sets the C lead to the "on" condition. When both the DTE and DCE have send and detected "on" conditions on their C and I leads the circuit transfers to the data transfer state and is ready to proceed to data synchronization. In the present protocol, the C signal is defined as a push-to-talk transmit request to the radio. The I signal is defined as a radio busy. When the I signal is asserted by the radio, the radio is busy transmitting voice, receiving voice or receiving data.

Abstract: A fixture for measuring the drive forces of a friction drive apparatus. The fixture comprises a first member having a first surface adapted to be located in juxtaposition with the friction drive apparatus. A reaction member is movably supported on the first member such that when the first member is in juxtaposition with the friction drive apparatus the reaction member is in engagement with the friction drive apparatus. The reaction member is movable relative to the first surface in response to the driving force of the friction drive apparatus. The reaction member includes reference means for indicating the relative position of the reaction member and the first surface. The reaction member is urged toward a rest position on the first surface. The magnitude of the urging force is proportional to the displacement of the reaction member from the rest position by the driving force.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for locating sheets moving in a path at a registration position in the path. The sheets, moving seriatim in a path established by a guide and a platen of a reproduction apparatus, are pinched against the platen to decelerate the sheets as they approach the registration position for copying. The pinching action is accomplished by deflecting a resilient member into the path into juxtaposition with the platen. The member covers an opening in the guide and is deflected by a mechanism extensible through the opening. In its deflected position, the member exerts a deceleration force on the sheet to retard the sheet as it approaches the registration position. The deceleration force has a component that is substantially parallel to the surface of the sheet and a component that is substantially normal to the surface and of greater magnitude than the parallel component.