Abstract: Systems and methods that enable secure, low latency, and reliable one-to-many and/or many-to-many communications between various endpoints associated with an electrical power grid. The endpoints can include, for example, physical sensors coupled to the electrical power grid, controllable resources of the electrical power grid (e.g., battery storage units, solar generation curtailment, wind generation curtailment, EV charging systems, and/or HVAC systems), controllers that each control one or more of the controllable resources of the electrical power grid, HMIs that enable human monitoring and/or human controlling of the electrical power grid, data historian(s) that enable persistent storage of various electrical power grid data (e.g., measurements, control parameters, conditions, etc.), and/or other endpoint(s).

Abstract: Systems and methods executable by a building management system for controlling air cleanliness in a building space are provided. An exemplary method includes predicting an occupancy of the building space during a future time period, identifying an occupant predicted to occupy the building space during the future time period based on the predicted occupancy, obtaining an occupant-specific air cleanliness requirement for the identified occupant, using a predictive air cleanliness model for the building space and the occupant-specific air cleanliness requirement to generate control parameters for building equipment that operate to affect the air cleanliness in the building space, and operating the building equipment using the control parameters to affect the air cleanliness in the building space during the future time period.

Abstract: A method for controlling building equipment includes generating building data relating to conditions in a building space using a generative artificial intelligence model. The method also includes determining whether the building data correspond to conditions in the building space that comply with one or more regulations or certification standards. The method includes, in response to determining that the building data correspond to conditions in the building space that comply with the one or more regulations or certification standards, using the building data to operate building equipment that serve the building space.

Abstract: A method for controlling building equipment includes generating building data relating to conditions in a building space using a generative artificial intelligence model. The method also includes determining whether the building data correspond to conditions in the building space that comply with one or more regulations or certification standards. The method includes, in response to determining that the building data correspond to conditions in the building space that comply with the one or more regulations or certification standards, using the building data to operate building equipment that serve the building space.

Abstract: An apparatus meant for human use to supplement breathing while at high altitude in aircraft for emergency use. The apparatus includes a valve as an actuator to discharge oxygen into an attached facemask. A small cylinder containing oxygen under pressure is inserted and attached to the valve. Once assembled, the invention is stored in aircraft to be available for instant use. If a cabin depressurization emergency should occur, an occupant may access oxygen immediately by pressing a valve lever to start the flow of oxygen. By adjusting a knob located on the valve lever the user may control the flow of oxygen and extend oxygen use to allow time for evasive action.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. In one embodiment of the invention, the incident beam is directed onto the surface to be inspected at an angle slightly offset from perpendicular so that the reflected beam is physically separated from the incident beam. The reflected beam is routed to a detector which converts the intensity of the reflected into an analog signal. The analog signal is sampled and digitized to generate pixel data stored in a buffer. Various analyses are performed on the data including calculating a rate of change in the pixel data. If the rate of change in the pixel data exceeds a selected threshold that indicates a possible defect if it occurs in the data area of the disk.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. In an embodiment of the invention, light reflected from the surface at an angle slightly offset from perpendicular is routed through a telecentric lens to a detector which converts the intensity of the reflected beam into an analog signal. The analog signal is sampled and digitized to generate pixel data. A data acquisition system sequentially stores the pixel data in a buffer. A median filter and derivative analysis can be applied to the pixel data to detect deviations indicating defects. An optional calibration system periodically reflects the scanning beam back to a detector to form a reference signal for use in absolute reflectivity measurements.

Abstract: An apparatus meant for human use to supplement breathing while at high altitude in aircraft for emergency use. The apparatus includes a valve as an actuator to discharge oxygen into an attached facemask. A small cylinder containing oxygen under pressure is inserted and attached to the valve. Once assembled, the invention is stored in aircraft to be available for instant use. If a cabin depressurzation emergency should occur, an occupant may access oxygen immediately by pressing a valve lever to start the flow of oxygen. By adjusting a knob located on the valve lever the user may control the flow of oxygen and extend oxygen use to allow time for evasive action.

Abstract: The method for testing burnishing tape includes placing the tape on a backing surface and applying a force normal to the abrasive surface of the tape in a localized area of the tape surface. Thereafter, an increasing pulling force is applied to the end of the tape up to a point where the tape moves under the effect of the normal force. Through prior burnishing tape product testing a known normal force N is determined and a delamination pulling force D is likewise determined, such that a burnishing tape can be said to be defective where it is placed under a normal force N and the pulling force required to move it is less than the delamination pulling force D. The values of N and D are determinable for different types of burnishing tape and thereafter utilizable to test further quantities of similar burnishing tape.

Abstract: A method of making a calibration disk for a laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. The calibration disk has a plurality of overlapping bumps forming a circular ring with a width of one bump. The circular ring of bumps forms a feature of a known width and position on a disk which can be used to adjust one or more LIT's to yield calibrated results. The ring of overlapping bumps is preferably formed by rotating a disk substrate under a stationary pulsing laser beam.

Abstract: A package sorting conveyor system having at least one conveyor cart movable along a continuous track and at least one unloading station. The conveyor system includes a two-axis tiltable support apparatus for supporting the carrying tray on the conveyor cart and for allowing tilting of the carrying tray towards at least one side of the package sorting conveyor to unload a package into unloading stations on at least one side of the sorting conveyor. A transition zone funnel upstream of the unloading station receives the package from the conveyor cart. The transition zone funnel includes an inlet adjacent to the continuous track conveyor system at the unloading station for receiving the package discharged from the tiltable conveyor cart; an upwardly inclined downstream wall located downstream of the inlet for preventing the package from tipping over; and an outlet located downstream from the upwardly inclined downstream wall for discharging the package from the funnel.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. In an embodiment of the invention, the incident beam is directed onto the surface to be inspected at an angle slightly offset from perpendicular so that the reflected beam is physically separated from the incident beam. Although slightly offset the reflected beam is routed back through the telecentric lens and scanner which are used for the incident beam. Preferably an aperture mask is placed in the path of the reflected beam and the incident beam to limit the cone of scattered light. Since the incident and reflected beams are physically separated, there may be an aperture for each beam, but the two masks may be physically connected. The aperture masks may also be used for alignment adjustments of the beams.

Abstract: A package sorting conveyor system having at least one conveyor cart movable along a continuous track and at least one unloading station. The conveyor system includes a two-axis tiltable support apparatus for supporting the carrying tray on the conveyor cart and for allowing tilting of the carrying tray towards at least one side of the package sorting conveyor to unload a package into unloading stations on at least one side of the sorting conveyor. A transition zone funnel upstream of the unloading station receives the package from the conveyor cart. The transition zone funnel includes an inlet adjacent to the continuous track conveyor system at the unloading station for receiving the package discharged from the tiltable conveyor cart; an upwardly inclined downstream wall located downstream of the inlet for preventing the package from tipping over; and an outlet located downstream from the upwardly inclined downstream wall for discharging the package from the funnel.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. In one embodiment of the invention, a disk is moved into an inspection subcompartment between a pair of air knives which blow partially ionized air onto the planar sides of the disk to remove loose particles adhering thereto. After the disk moves through the air knife streams, the two laser beams scan the two sides of the disk. Preferably the scan occurs after the air knives have been turned off and as the disk moves out of the inspection subcompartment. The subcompartment may optionally have an air source which forces air to flow out of the subcompartment to aid in maintaining a clean environment for inspection.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. The choice of a polygon scanner is preferred, but other scanning means such as a galvonometer mirror could be used. A separate polygon scanner is used for each side of the disk. The polygons are arranged in a common plane, but rotate in opposite directions to reduce the inteference which might otherwise result when the beams pass through the central hole in the disk and impinge on the detection channel for the other side. Preferably the rotation of the polygons is synchonized and angularly offset so that the two beams are synchonized and offset.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. The LIT uses a mechanical lifter which moves the disk through the laser scan lines (i.e. perpendicular to the scan lines) to allow the entire surface on each side of the disk to be scanned. The light reflected from the surface is routed to a detector which converts the intensity of the reflected beam into an analog signal. The analog signal is sampled and digitized to generate pixel data. A data acquisition system sequentially stores the pixel data in a buffer. The edges of the planar surface in the pixel data are determined for each scan line while data acquisition is in progress. A mask is applied to direct the defect detection only to meaningful areas of the disk while data acquisition is in progress. A median filter and derivative analysis can be applied to the pixel data to detect deviations indicating defects.

Abstract: A laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. In a preferred embodiment the LIT can simultaneously inspect both planar surfaces of disks for use in disk drives. The LIT uses a mechanical lifter which moves the disk through the laser scan lines (i.e. perpendicular to the scan lines) to allow the entire surface on each side of the disk to be scanned. The light reflected from the surface is routed to a detector which converts the intensity of the reflected beam into an analog signal. The analog signal is sampled and digitized to generate pixel data. A data acquisition system sequentially stores the pixel data in a buffer. The edges of the planar surface in the pixel data are determined for each scan line while data acquisition is in progress. A mask is applied to direct the defect detection only to meaningful areas of the disk while data acquisition is in progress. A median filter and derivative analysis can be applied to the pixel data to detect deviations indicating defects.

Abstract: A calibration disk for a laser based inspection tool (LIT) for inspecting planar surfaces is described. The calibration disk has a plurality of overlapping bumps forming a circular ring with a width of one bump. The circular ring of bumps forms a feature of a known width and position on a disk which can be used to adjust one or more LIT's to yield calibrated results.

Abstract: An improved mechanical product dispensing and storage device for storing and dispensing rollable products such as canned beverages or other cylindrical or spherical products is disclosed. The products to be dispensed are stored on a feed path and roll toward a discharge end of the feed path. Located near the discharge end is a dispensing mechanism comprising of a rotatable shaft extending in the direction of and positioned at an angle to the feed path. Extending from the shaft are a pair of asymmetrical cams which rotate with the shaft to operate a pair of spring loaded separator doors used to control the dispensing of the products. A self-locking mechanism prevents the operation of the dispensing device when empty.