Abstract: A concrete additive for a reinforced concrete composite is provided. The additive can have an exfoliated clay having an exfoliated layered silicate plate comprising structure, and at least one of an oligomer or polymer linking at least a portion of said silicate plate comprising structure. The additive can have a dispersant between the silicate plates. The clay can include sodium or calcium montmorillonite or a phosphatic clay. The oligomer or polymer can include polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A concrete additive for a reinforced concrete composite is provided. The additive can have an exfoliated clay having an exfoliated layered silicate plate comprising structure, and at least one of an oligomer or polymer linking at least a portion of said silicate plate comprising structure. The additive can have a dispersant between the silicate plates. The clay can include sodium or calcium montmorillonite or a phosphatic clay. The oligomer or polymer can include polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A corrugated plastic panel is produced by providing a plastic panel corrugation device whereby a plastic material is extruded, a cooled extrusion is formed by passing the extrusion through a cooling roller assembly, a corrugated extrusion is formed by passing the cooled extrusion through a forming roller assembly when the cooled extrusion has reached its impressionable temperature range, a corrugated extrusion is passed through a pulling roller assembly when the corrugated extrusion has reached its hardening temperature range, and a corrugated plastic panel is formed by passing the corrugated extrusion through an extrusion cutting assembly.

Abstract: A delivery system for a biocide or fertilizer comprises a body or carrier portion including a first water dispersible agriculturally inert and essentially nontoxic composition containing a predetermined amount of the biocide or fertilizer. The body or carrier portion has a predetermined size and shape. The delivery system also comprises a protective coating, about the body portion, of a second water dispersible agriculturally inert and essentially nontoxic composition. The amount of biocide used is that amount which terminates the functioning of a target agricultural pest upon application of the biocide to soil or water via the delivery system. The biocide can take the form of a biocide such as an insecticide, fungicide, nematocide or herbicide. Compositions according to the present invention including a water dispersible cellulose ether, cellulose fiber and an effective amount of a biocide or fertilizer are also described.

Abstract: A delivery system for an agriculturally active chemical comprises a body or carrier portion including a first water dispersible agriculturally inert and essentially nontoxic composition containing a predetermined aliquot of the agriculturally active chemical. The body or carrier portion has a predetermined size and a predetermined shape. The delivery system also comprises a protective coating, about the body portion, of a second water dispersible agriculturally inert and essentially nontoxic composition. The aliquot of the agriculturally active chemical is an amount of the agriculturally active chemical effective to terminate functioning of a target agricultural pest upon application of the agriculturally active chemical to soil or water via the delivery system. The agriculturally active chemical can take the form of a biocide such as an insecticide, fungicide or nemacide.

Abstract: Closed system and process for the conversion of gaseous or vaporizable organic and/or organo-metallic compound to inert solid which is resistant to solvent extraction, and is itself essentially nontoxic or convertible through oxidation or other natural processes to a toxic material. This process involves a low temperature, low energy conversion in a close system, of an organic and/or organo-metallic material by initially fragmenting such material into its basic elements follow thereafter by randomly recombining such elements as a solid coating or deposit upon a substrate. In the preferred embodiments of this invention, the toxic and/or potentially toxic material is injected as a gaseous phase into a chamber where it is subjected to an RF energy source, thereby forming a plasma which is contained within the chamber by a magnetic field.

Abstract: A process for the selective conversion of a polymer coating to a ceramic material is disclosed. This process initially involves the provision of a polymer film which has been generated by R. F. plasma vapor phase polymerization of a monomer comprising an inorganic (i.e. silicon) or an organometallic constituent on a receptive substrate. The polymer is thereafter selectively exposed to a coherent or focused energy source (i.e. CO.sub.2 laser) at the appropriate wavelength and power output to effect in situ conversion of a polymer film to a ceramic deposit which is substantially devoid of carbonaceous impurities. This process is also unique for its ability to provide a ceramic deposit that is firmly adherent on a variety of receptive substrates. The degree of adherence is far superior to ceramic coatings derived by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques. The process lends itself to the formation of ceramic patterns which have application in the microelectronics industry.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved photoresponsive device containing as a protectant overcoating a top layer of a crosslinked polyvinylsilicate resulting from the reaction of polysilicic acid with a polyvinyl alcohol having a number average molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 100,000.

Abstract: Process for preparation of monodispersed crystalline particles from amorphous crystallizable polymers. In this process, an amorphous polymer of an inorganic glass, such as selenium, or of organic polymer, such as a polyester, is initially contacted with a crystal inducing fluid under certain specified conditions. Concurrent with such contact the crystallizable polymer is subjected to physical and/or ultrasonic forces. This combination of steps results in the substantially complete conversion of the amorphous polymer to monodispersed crystalline particles. In the case of crystallization of amorphous selenium, this process is directive for preparation of the corresponding triclinic crystalline form of this material.

Abstract: A process for preparing electrostatographic toner particles having controlled particle size and size distribution is provided by forming a blend of a molten mass of polymer and a colorant, cooling and solidifying the blend in the form of a film or fiber thereof. The film or fiber is then passed through embossed or cutting rollers to enable fracture of the film or fiber into discrete particles having a size of between 1 micron and about 30 microns.

Abstract: A process for preparing electrostatographic toner particles having improved mechanical properties and controlled particle size and size distribution is provided through molecular orientation of glassy, brittle, semicrystalline, low molecular weight polymers. Molecular orientation results in more flexible polymers and greatly increases their yield stress, modulus and mechanical fatigue lifetime. The molecular orientation of these polymers is obtained by extrusion of fibers or films thereof.

Abstract: A plurality of abrasion resistant particles are embedded in the layer of photoconductive material on the conductive substrate of a conventional electrostatographic photoreceptor so that generally hemispherical portions of the particles protrude to a height of from 0.5 to 5 microns above the surface of the photoreceptor. The improved photoreceptor is readily adaptable to cleaning by applying a flexible doctor blade to its surface and providing relative motion therebetween.

Abstract: A cleaning blade is provided for cleaning residual toner particles and other contaminants from an electrostatic imaging surface comprising a surface having rigid spherical protuberances adapted to be pressed against the imaging surface to form a seal between the blade and imaging surface which retards flow of particles between the blade and imaging surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improvement to a conventional electrostatographic photoreceptor comprised of a conductive substrate having a layer of a photoconductive material on its surface. The improvement involves a plurality of abrasion resistant particles embedded in the layer of photoconductive material so that generally hemispherical portions of the particles protrude to a height of from 0.5 to 5 microns above the surface of the photoreceptor. The improved photoreceptor is readily adaptable to cleaning by applying a flexible doctor blade to its surface and providing relative motion therebetween.